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Beijing sewage pump repair, repair of sewage pumps

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Beijing sewage pump repair knowledge on the use of sewage pumps.

Sewage pumps are a type of non-clogging pump, available in various forms such as submersible and dry types. The most common submersible pump is the WQ-type submersible sewage pump, while the most common dry sewage pumps are the W-type horizontal sewage pump and the WL-type vertical sewage pump. They are mainly used for conveying urban sewage, feces, or liquids containing fibers and paper scraps with solid particles. Typically, the temperature of the conveyed medium does not exceed 80℃. Since the conveyed medium contains easily tangled or bundled fibrous materials, the pump's flow channel can easily become blocked. If the pump gets blocked, it may fail to work properly and even burn out the motor, causing poor drainage and severely affecting urban life and environmental protection. Therefore, anti-clogging performance and reliability are important factors in evaluating sewage pumps.

Similar to other pumps, the impeller and pressure chamber are the two core components of a sewage pump. Their performance determines the quality of the pump's performance. The anti-blocking performance, efficiency, cavitation resistance, and wear resistance of sewage pumps are mainly ensured by these two components. Below is an introduction:

1. Impeller structure type: Impellers are divided into four major categories: blade type (open, closed), vortex type, channel type (including single-channel and double-channel), and screw centrifugal type. Open or semi-open impellers are easy to manufacture, and when clogged, they can be cleaned and repaired easily. However, over long-term operation, the gap between the blades and the inner wall of the pressure chamber may increase due to particle erosion, thereby reducing efficiency. Moreover, the increased gap disrupts the pressure distribution on the blades, creating significant vortex losses and increasing axial forces. Additionally, the instability of the liquid flow in the channel caused by the enlarged gap leads to pump vibration. This type of impeller is unsuitable for conveying media containing large particles and long fibers. In terms of performance, this type of impeller has low efficiency, with its highest efficiency being approximately 92% of that of a regular closed impeller, and its head curve is relatively flat.

2. Vortex-type impeller: Pumps using this type of impeller have good non-clogging performance because the impeller is partially or completely separated from the pressure chamber flow channel. They have strong capabilities in handling large particles and long fibers. Particles move within the pressure chamber under the influence of vortices generated by the rotating impeller. Suspended particles themselves do not produce energy but exchange energy with the liquid in the channel. During movement, suspended particles or long fibers do not come into contact with the blades, reducing blade wear. There is no issue of increased gaps due to erosion, so long-term operation does not cause a significant drop in efficiency. Pumps using this type of impeller are suitable for conveying media containing large particles and long fibers. In terms of performance, this impeller has low efficiency, only about 70% of that of a regular closed impeller, and its head curve is relatively flat.

3. Closed impeller: This type of impeller has high efficiency and stable performance over long-term operation. Pumps using this type of impeller have smaller axial forces and can have secondary blades installed on the front and rear covers. Secondary blades on the front cover reduce the vortex losses at the impeller inlet and the wear of particles on the sealing ring. Secondary blades on the rear cover balance axial forces and prevent suspended particles from entering the mechanical seal cavity, thus protecting the mechanical seal. However, this type of impeller has poor non-clogging performance and is prone to clogging, making it unsuitable for conveying untreated sewage media containing large particles (long fibers).

4. Channel-type impeller: This type of impeller belongs to the bladeless category, where the impeller channel is a curved flow channel from the inlet to the outlet. It is suitable for conveying media containing large particles and long fibers and has good anti-clogging performance. In terms of performance, the efficiency of this type of impeller is similar to that of a regular closed impeller but has a steeper head curve. The power curve is relatively stable, reducing the risk of overloading. However, the cavitation performance of this type of impeller is worse than that of a regular closed impeller, making it particularly suitable for pumps with pressurized inlets.

5. Screw centrifugal impeller: The blades of this type of impeller are twisted spiral blades extending axially from the suction inlet on a conical hub body. Pumps with this type of impeller combine the functions of positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. Suspended particles passing through the blades do not collide with any part of the pump, ensuring minimal damage to the conveyed material. Due to the propulsion effect of the spiral, suspended particles have strong passage ability, making pumps with this type of impeller suitable for conveying media containing large particles, long fibers, and high concentrations. They are especially advantageous in situations where minimal damage to the conveyed material is required.

In terms of performance, this pump has a steep head curve and a relatively flat power curve.

The most common pressure chamber used in sewage pumps is the volute casing. Radial guide vanes or channel-type guide vanes are often selected in internal submersible pumps. Volute casings come in three types: spiral, ring, and intermediate. Spiral volutes are rarely used in sewage pumps. Ring-shaped pressure chambers are more commonly used in small sewage pumps due to their simple structure and ease of manufacture. However, with the emergence of intermediate (semi-spiral) pressure chambers, the application range of ring-shaped pressure chambers is gradually decreasing. Intermediate pressure chambers combine the high efficiency of spirals with the high permeability of ring-shaped pressure chambers, drawing increasing attention from manufacturers.

In summary, regardless of the series of sewage pumps, they are combinations of different types of impellers and pressure chambers based on requirements such as the conveyed medium and installation conditions. As long as the impeller and pressure chamber are optimally configured, all kinds of pump performances can be guaranteed. Sewage pump usage knowledge