"It's very exciting, I think it's just starting a longer term of research level, www.wangji.cc. We also want to learn more from this data, we have just begun to analyze." He carries a "haplotype" which indicates his ancestors most likely came from the Middle East during the migration when farming became an increasingly formal practice. This could be an illustration of the transition to an agricultural society for the glacier's lactose intolerance. Professor Zink said that next-generation "sequencing" technology made this analysis possible. "Whole genome sequencing allows you to get the entire DNA sequence from a sample, which was not possible before in the same way," www.mystseo.com.
A reconstruction of what the glacier may have looked like just before he was felled by an arrow was shown. The mitochondrial DNA of the glacier has already provided some hints about his origins when it was fully sequenced in 2008. Albert Zink, from Eurac’s Institute for Mummies and the Iceman in Bolzano, Italy, said the nuclear DNA study represented a huge leap forward in the broad scientific understanding of the specimen. "We've been studying the Iceman for 20 years. We know a lot about where he lived and how he died, but we knew very little about his genetic predispositions," he told BBC News.
Some new clues have also emerged in what can be described as the world's oldest murder mystery: the glacier "Iceman", whose 5,300-year-old body was discovered frozen in the Italian Alps in 1991.
The full genome of the glacier has now been published in Nature Communications. The results show that he had brown eyes, "O" blood type, lactose intolerance, and was predisposed to heart disease. They also show that he was the first recorded case of infection by Lyme disease bacteria. Analysis of the unusual Ice Man series of DNA also revealed that he is more closely related to modern residents of Corsica than to Sardinian populations, in the Alps, where he was uncovered.
"These are very exciting results that enrich the genetic map of the cell nucleus of the glacier. The nuclear DNA, generally much rarer and less well-preserved than mitochondrial DNA, the 'powerhouse' of the cell, also contains DNA."
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