How to understand semen test indicators? How to read the semen analysis report? Expert in sperm and egg introduces semen test indicators and how to read the semen analysis report.
How to read the semen analysis report? Can you understand these indicators in the semen test? For male infertility patients who come to the outpatient clinic for treatment, doctors always instruct them to undergo a routine semen analysis test to determine the quality of the semen. After the semen report comes out, you can take a look at it first. Below, Sperm Egg Network will introduce how to read the semen analysis report, hoping that it will be helpful to you.
The semen of normal people is milky white, grayish white or slightly yellow when it is just ejaculated. It will become transparent after being placed at room temperature for 5-10 minutes. If there has been no sexual activity for a long time or the interval between two ejaculations is too long, the color of the semen may be more yellow, which is a normal situation.
If the color of the semen turns yellow-green or becomes purulent, it indicates inflammation in the reproductive tract or accessory sex glands due to the presence of white blood cells in the semen. There are almost no white blood cells in normal semen, but if there are many white blood cells or even clusters, it indicates an infection in the reproductive tract.
Blood streaks, blood clots, or reddish color in the semen is called hematospermia, which suggests possible seminal vesiculitis or prostatitis.
The semen is sticky and liquid-like when it is just ejaculated, and soon coagulates into a gel-like state due to the action of coagulase secreted by the seminal vesicles. Then, due to the action of liquefying enzyme containing prostate secretion, the semen liquefies within 5-20 minutes. If it does not liquefy within half an hour, it is called semen non-liquefaction syndrome. With this condition, since the sperm are trapped in the gel and cannot move freely, it naturally affects the vitality of the sperm and fertility.
On the semen test report, the acidity and alkalinity are usually indicated by pH. The pH value of normal people should be around 7.2-8.0. If it exceeds 8.0, it is alkaline, which may indicate inflammation in the prostate or seminal vesicle, or because the semen has been waiting for testing for too long; if the pH is lower than 7, it is acidic, which is a signal of seminal duct obstruction and congenital absence of seminal vesicle, or it may be due to contamination of semen by urine or vaginal secretions.
As for sperm density, it is calculated by the number of sperm contained in each milliliter of semen. Normally, each milliliter of semen should contain about 20 million to 60 million sperm. If it is less than 20 million, it is called oligospermia; if each milliliter is greater than 250 million, it is called excessive sperm. A small number of sperm with low density reduces the chances of conception, possibly leading to infertility. Excessive sperm can affect sperm movement due to overcrowding and may cause miscarriage after conception.
Sperm motility is usually divided into four levels: Grade A refers to sperm moving forward quickly in a straight line, Grade B refers to sperm moving slowly or without a definite forward direction, Grade C refers to non-forward motion, and Grade D refers to inactive dead sperm. Normally, A+B should be greater than 50%, or A should be greater than 25%. Some grassroots hospitals use three levels of "poor", "average", "good" to roughly classify, but the essence is similar, that is, the higher the percentage of sperm with better vitality, the greater the possibility of conception.
Medically, if the sperm motility in the semen does not reach the normal standard, it is called asthenozoospermia.
The survival rate of sperm refers to the number of normally surviving sperm within a certain period of time after ejaculation. Usually, within one hour after ejaculation, the normally surviving sperm should account for more than 70%. If the dead sperm accounts for more than 50%, it is difficult to conceive. The sperm survival time should maintain a survival rate of more than 20% for 6 hours. If there are no surviving sperm within 6 hours, it is likely to cause infertility.
The abnormal rate of sperm refers to the percentage of abnormal "defective" sperm among the total sperm count, generally not exceeding 20%-30%. If it exceeds this number, it will affect fertility.
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