Wellpoint dewatering methods and wellpoint dewatering equipment
Wellpoint dewatering is a method of artificially lowering the groundwater level. Therefore, it is also known as the wellpoint dewatering method. Before excavating the foundation pit, a certain number of filter pipes (wells) are buried around the foundation pit, and water is pumped out using pumping equipment to keep the soil being excavated in a dry state. It is generally used in construction situations where the groundwater level is relatively high. It is an important technical measure in earthwork, foundation, and basic engineering construction. It can drain water from the foundation soil, promote soil consolidation, increase the strength of the foundation, reduce the lateral displacement and settlement of the soil slope, stabilize the slope, eliminate sand flow, reduce the uplift of the base soil, allow foundation and foundation engineering construction below the natural groundwater level to avoid the influence of groundwater, provide a relatively dry construction condition, and can also reduce the amount of earthwork, shorten the construction period, improve the quality of the project, and ensure construction safety.
Wellpoint equipment mainly includes wellpoint pipes (with filters at the bottom), collection main pipes, and pumping equipment, etc. The wellpoint pipe uses seamless steel pipe with a diameter of Φ60×5 and length of 6.0m. A 2.0m filter pipe is attached to the bottom of the pipe. The filter pipe uses the same diameter steel pipe as the wellpoint pipe. The wellpoint pipe and the filter pipe are connected by a steel pipe clamp. The connection to the collection main pipe uses a pressure-resistant rubber hose. The filter pipe has drilled plum blossom holes, with a diameter of 5mm, spaced 15mm apart. It is wrapped externally with five layers of nylon mesh (100 mesh) and two layers of steel wire mesh, and wound externally with No. 20 galvanized iron wire, with a spacing of 10mm.
The collection main pipe is made of seamless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 100-127mm, each section being 4 meters long. These sections are joined together using rubber sleeve connectors and tightened with steel clamps to prevent leaks. Short joints that connect to the wellpoint pipes are installed on the main pipe at intervals of 0.8 meters to 1.2 meters. Each set of pumping equipment consists of one vacuum pump, one centrifugal pump, and one air-water separator, with each set of wellpoint dewatering equipment carrying 70 wellpoint dewatering pipes. Wellpoint dewatering varies by type: light wellpoints, jet wellpoints, large-diameter wellpoints, electro-osmosis wellpoints, and horizontal wellpoints. Installation and removal of different depth wellpipes are calculated per unit, and usage is calculated per set and day.
(1) Composition of wellpoint sets:
- Light wellpoint: 50 pipes per set
- Jet wellpoint: 30 pipes per set
- Large-diameter wellpoint: 45 pipes per set
- Electro-osmosis wellpoint anode: 10 pipes per set
(2) Wellpoint spacing should be determined based on geological conditions and construction dewatering requirements according to the construction organization design. If not specified in the construction organization design, the spacing can be determined as follows: 0.8m for light wellpoint pipes and 2-3m for jet wellpoint pipes.
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