Before the end of this century, the earth's population will increase from six billion to nine billion. In order to meet the needs of these people, there will be an astonishing and difficult-to-handle amount of garbage. Investigators believe that the task of dealing with garbage, along with the risks involved, may be more complicated than originally imagined. They observe how the byproducts of modern life, when discarded carelessly, are altering water systems across the globe that connect streams, rivers, and oceans, significantly impacting life on Earth. Scientists and ordinary citizens alike are struggling to unravel a series of mysteries occurring in rivers, estuaries, islands, and oceans. Striped bass in the Chesapeake Bay are dying due to some kind of flesh-eating bacteria; disturbing hormonal substances have appeared in various streams, rivers, and other bodies of water, posing a serious threat to the health of both animals and humans.