The Xinjiang Fukang area conducted a Han and two national epidemiological study on hypertension. Cold is associated with being overweight, family history of death, and waist-to-hip circumference ratio. The prevalence image of hypertension and blood pressure values are higher among the Han and Kazak populations, apparently due to genetic factors and high salt intake. However, smoking and drinking alcohol were also identified as contributing factors in this cold-related investigation. On the medical level, awareness rates of hypertension are low, making it difficult to draw conclusions from surveys of family histories of hypertension. Therefore, the results are hard to conclude. In recent 5 years, people have transitioned from a nomadic lifestyle to a more sedentary one. Living standards have significantly improved, and changes in diet and living habits have led to individual differences in overweight issues due to the cold, while other factors have become less significant. Some scholars believe that obesity-induced hypertension may be caused by several mechanisms: first, increased blood volume and cardiac output; second, turbulence in renin and aldosterone-ketone relations leading to abnormal sodium and water regulation; third, nerve disorders such as increased activity of the sympathetic nerve on the kidney; fourth, defects in cell membrane cotransport function and abnormalities in sodium-potassium pump activity. All these are pathological bases for the cause of hypertension and obesity. Factors affecting blood pressure among the Han population include being overweight, waist-to-hip circumference ratio, family history of sudden death, family history of hypertension, family history of stroke, and smoking, with being overweight being the most prominent factor. This investigation shows that hypertension in this area is a severe problem that requires attention. Simultaneously, it was found that medical and health conditions in farming and stockbreeding areas are poorer, with low levels of health knowledge and poor self-health care awareness among herders, especially among the Kazakh population. Lack of hypertension prevention knowledge and untreated hypertension are also important external factors predisposing individuals to hypertension. Therefore, we call on all relevant parties to improve medical care and health conditions in agricultural and pastoral areas and strengthen health education.