Principles and Maintenance of Large Video Game Machines
Large video game machines commonly used in public entertainment venues are colloquially known as "arcade machines," or sometimes referred to as "stationary machines" or "commercial machines." They belong to one type of video game (VIDEO GAME) machines. Due to their clear images, vibrant colors, realistic sound effects, strong operability (user-friendliness), and excellent content, they offer a level of excitement, tension, and intensity that home gaming consoles cannot match. This has made them a continuous target for other electronic gaming devices to emulate, captivating countless arcade enthusiasts.
Arcade machines are generally divided into two major categories. The first category includes specialized machines such as driving simulators and gun games, also known as simulation machines. Although these have developed rapidly in some large and medium-sized cities in recent years, due to their limited numbers and the use of special control devices like steering wheels and optical guns, they will not be introduced in this article. The second category consists of ordinary gaming machines with a certain degree of universality, which are generally referred to as arcade machines. These can be further divided into action-oriented games, commonly known as "literary platforms," including ACT (the abbreviation for ACTION GAME, referring to action games). This type of game makes up the largest proportion, with characters often being given jumping abilities. The goal is to defeat enemies quickly through fast reactions to win, such as in the fighting series games. Another type of game is RPG (the abbreviation for ROLE PLAY GAME, referring to role-playing games). These games often revolve around mythological legends and science fiction, developing rich storylines where players control the main character to embark on adventures, such as in cowboy-themed games. There is also SLG (the abbreviation for SIMULATION GAME, meaning simulation experiment games), whose content usually focuses on war or governance, often involving historical events and practical combat exercises, such as in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms." Additionally, there are aircraft games like Raiden and Mighty Fighters, AVG games (ADVENTURE GAME adventure games), and another large category known as TBG (TABLE GAME table games). Because these offer lucky rewards and can return coins, they are also called reward machines or lucky machines, or "martial platforms," such as various mahjong machines, poker machines, and horse racing machines. Besides their computer boards not being interchangeable, their control keyboard structures also differ.
Second, the Composition and Principles of Large Video Game Machines
Ordinary arcade machines consist of a computer board, a box-type switch power supply, a coin acceptor, a control button panel, a scan board, a cathode-ray tube, speakers, and slots, among others. Some machines also have coin returners. As shown in Figure One:
The computer board is the heart of the entire gaming machine; it receives signals from the control button panel and the coin acceptor.
The DC power conversion section provides power for the entire machine, usually adopting a box-type switch power supply. It has three output groups: +5V, -5V, and +12V. The +5V is the working power source for the entire computer board, requiring a larger capacity, generally providing at least 6A current. The +12V capacity is usually 1A, while the -5V is no longer used in computer boards manufactured after 1987.
The computer board is the core part of the entire gaming machine, mainly consisting of four parts: graphics storage, graphics processor, command storage, and command processor. The graphics processor is a microprocessor that converts graphic information stored digitally in the graphics storage into analog signals (including graphic, color, and brightness signals). These signals are then transmitted to the scan board, converted into video signals, and sent to the screen for display. At the same time, the graphics processor also converts digital audio signals into analog signals, which are sent to the amplifier and emitted through the speaker. The command processor is also a microprocessor that reads instructions from the command storage and identifies signals coming from the control handle to direct the graphics processor to display different images and produce different sounds.
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