To write a good work summary, one must be diligent in reflection and skilled at summarizing. This can improve the leadership's management level and cultivate more cadres who combine theory with practice and possess working abilities. In the summary, there must be an accurate recognition of work errors, the courage to admit mistakes, and the formation of a good style of criticism and self-criticism. To write a good summary, one must start from the reality of previous work, which can foster a research and investigation style. In short, writing a good work summary is very important but also quite difficult. The difficulty mainly lies in two aspects: first, summarizing (past work), and second, concluding (work experience, lessons learned, and rules). It is necessary to correctly handle the relationship between the two: summarizing is the basis for concluding, and concluding is the summary of summarizing.
Two, types, characteristics, and content of work summaries
(1) Types of work summaries
1. Classification by content
(1) Ideological work summary
(2) Economic work summary
2. Classification by scope
(1) Regional work summary
(2) Departmental work summary
(3) Unit work summary
(4) Personal work summary
3. Classification by time
(1) Monthly work summary
(2) Quarterly work summary
(3) Annual work summary
(4) Work summary over three years
4. Classification by nature
(1) Comprehensive summary
(2) Specialized summary
(2) Characteristics of work summaries
1. Objectivity
A summary is a recollection and evaluation of past work, so it must respect objective facts and use reality as the basis.
2. Typicality
The experiences and lessons summarized are fundamental, prominent, essential, and rule-based, making them very meaningful in daily study, work, and life, with motivational and cautionary roles.
3. Guidance
Through work summaries, one deeply understands the achievements and errors of past work and their causes, absorbs lessons learned, and guides future work, leading to fewer mistakes and greater success.
4. Proving
This means that the basic expression method of a summary is passive (strictly speaking, proving), using real and typical materials from actual activities to prove the accuracy of various judgments.
(3) Content of work summaries
Work situations vary, so the content of summaries also varies. Generally, they include the following aspects:
1. Basic situation
Including relevant conditions of the work, progress of the work, and some data.
2. Achievements and mistakes
This is the core focus of a work summary. The purpose of summarizing is to confirm achievements and find deficiencies.
3. Experiences and lessons learned
When writing a summary, attention should be paid to uncovering the essence and rules of things, elevating rational understanding to sensory understanding, and guiding future work.
Three, format and composition of work summaries
(1) Format of work summaries
The format of a summary, or its structure, is the form used to organize and arrange materials. There is no fixed format, generally including the following types:
1. Clause format
Clause format, also known as paragraph numbering, involves numbering each natural paragraph with ordinal numbers. By numbering each paragraph, the summary is divided into several issues, discussing the situation and insights related to each issue. This format has flexible and convenient characteristics.
2. Two-part format
The summary is divided into two parts: the first part being the general overview, mainly writing about what work was done and what achievements were obtained; the second part being the conclusion, mainly discussing experiences and lessons learned. This summary format has simple structure and clear focus characteristics.
3. Continuous format
Continuous format involves gradually summarizing the entire process of work development around a theme, providing detailed descriptions of the circumstances at each key stage, methods for completing tasks, and results. Situations are often described chronologically, discussing experiences. This format has compact structure and continuous content characteristics.
4. Question format
The content of the summary is divided into several sections, each with a small question extracted for separate discussion. This format has clearly defined levels and highlighted key points.
The choice of format for organizing and arranging materials in a summary is determined by the content. The selected conclusions should reflect the intrinsic connections of things and follow the central theme of the entire text.
(2) Composition of work summaries
A summary is generally composed of several parts: title, explanation, signature, and date.
1. Title
Title, i.e., the name of the summary. It indicates the unit conducting the summary, the period, and the nature.
2. Explanation
Explanation generally consists of three parts: introduction, main body, and conclusion.
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(1) Introduction
Or explaining the purpose of the summary and its main content; or introducing the basic situation of the unit; or briefly summarizing the achievements obtained; or summarizing the guiding thoughts and the context under which the summary was conducted. Regardless of the method of introduction, it should be concise, allowing the summary to quickly enter the main body.
(2) Main Body
This is the main part of the summary, the focus and core of the summary. Its content is the content of the summary.
(3) Conclusion
This is the last part of the summary, synthesizing and summarizing the entire text. It may highlight achievements, outline future plans and directions of effort, or point out mistakes and existing problems in the work.
3. Signature and Date
If the title of the summary does not specify the author or the summarizing unit, it should be written in the lower right corner of the explanation. Finally, the date should be written below the signature.
Four, basic requirements for writing work summaries
Regardless of the format of the work summary, the following requirements should be followed during writing:
(1) Master Objective Facts
Extensively gather materials
This is the foundation of writing a summary. A summary involves encapsulating facts and drawing conclusions. Without facts, it is impossible to draw conclusions. The materials for the summary must be accurate, typical, and abundant. The person writing the summary must spend a lot of time collecting and accumulating rich materials, while also screening the collected materials to ensure their authenticity and typical nature.
(2) Conduct Serious Analysis and Research on Collected Materials
This is the key to writing a good summary. Serious analysis and research must first have correct guiding thoughts. This requires those writing the summary to strengthen their study of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, and Deng Xiaoping Theory on building socialism with Chinese characteristics, using these as theoretical bases for evaluating work successes and failures.
Secondly, the principle of seeking truth from facts must be upheld, avoiding exaggeration of achievements and evasion of mistakes.
Thirdly, dialectics must be applied to comprehensively view past work. One must see both gains and losses, both phenomena and essence, both mainstream and side streams.
Finally, focus on key points. A summary is not a diary; it cannot list numbers and examples without prioritizing. It must revolve around a core theme, carefully selecting and analyzing typical materials to highlight important issues.
(3) Reflect Characteristics and Find Rules
This is the focus of writing a work summary. Each unit has its own characteristics, and a good summary should summarize those experiences and lessons that are typical, reflecting its own characteristics and possessing rule-based properties.
(4) Follow the Mass Line
From the masses and back to the masses is the basic line of all party work. Only by following the mass line can the wisdom and experience of the people be concentrated, enriching the ideological content of the summary.
(5) Specific Requirements During the Writing Process
1. Prepare a Good Writing Outline
In the outline, it must be clearly answered what issues are intended to be written about and which issues are the main ones. Even for a simple summary, if an outline is not written, there should still be a mental draft.
2. The Narration Should Be Concise, and the Background Should Be Prominent
The situation narration in the summary must be concise. When describing work achievements and progress, comparisons are generally used. Through horizontal and vertical comparisons, the background becomes prominently highlighted.
3. Appropriateness of Detail
Based on the purpose and focus of the summary, important issues should be elaborated, while secondary ones should be briefly mentioned.
Work Summaries Avoid "Three Excesses"
As the year-end approaches, all units and departments are busy summarizing and generalizing the work of the past year. A work summary, by definition, is a specific conclusion that provides an overall synthesis and comprehensive generalization of the work done. It not only summarizes the specific practices, progress, and lessons learned from various works but also generalizes the problems and shortcomings in the work and outlines the next year's work plan. Therefore, work summaries, especially annual summaries, should possess objectivity, comprehensiveness, and generality.
However, some units' work summaries have changed tone and lost flavor. For instance, some units, when writing about work progress, always lead with phrases like "basically achieved, will achieve, estimated to reach"; when addressing existing problems, they use words like "still, yet, relatively" to confuse the eyes; and when writing about achievements, they embellish excessively, turning the work summary into an "achievement report" or "work report." Thus, the summary becomes a "three-excess" summary characterized by "many work achievements, many empty words, and many ambiguous terms." In fact, a work summary only needs to conduct a comprehensive and objective assessment of the work actually done. For the work done, one must see both the achievements gained and the areas where improvements are needed. Regarding existing problems, one must be realistic and comprehensive and objective. Therefore, only by truly doing the work based on concern for the masses can one use "real performance" to write a summary satisfactory to the public.
Format Requirements for Work Summaries
Formatting requirements for various archival materials and hierarchical review materials (except original materials):
(1) Page settings:
Paper: A4
Binding line: Left side
Page number position: Bottom center
Margins: Top 2.5 cm; Bottom 2 cm; Left 2.5 cm; Right 2 cm
(2) Fonts and font sizes
Body text: Size 4 FangSong
First-level headings: Small Size 2 HeiTi
Second-level headings: Size 3 HeiTi
Third-level headings: Size 4 HeiTi
(3) Heading formats
First-level headings: 一、 二、 三、
Second-level headings: （一） （二） （三）
Third-level headings: 1． 2． 3．
(4) Line spacing: Single spacing
(5) Character spacing: Default
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