Experts and institutions in the global life sciences community are carrying out an unprecedented international cooperation project: to establish an all-encompassing, fully open internet database for the 1.8 million known species of animals, plants, and other forms of life on Earth. The "Encyclopedia of Life" (EOL) project began in 2005, and its website (http://www.eol.org) is now taking shape. It is expected to complete its main structures by 2008 and be fully developed around 2017.