Author: The Prince's Blog
National General 2011 May Hundred Questions for Practice (2) Chinese Exam (Part One)
One, (15 points, each question 3 points)
1. Among the following words with underlined characters, which one has all correct pronunciations? ( )
A. Brocade (qǐ) Coarse (cāo) Not worth mentioning (shù) A grand writing brush (chuán)
B. Supporting (chēn) Alcohol shop (fáng) Well-read and knowledgeable (zhì) Self-disciplined (hào)
C. Stroke (zhòng) Edge (léng) Tongue-tied (zé) Melancholy (huái)
D. Comparable (pì) Supply (gōng) Strange events (qī) Seen too often (xiǎn)
2. Which of the following groups of words contains no misspellings? ( )
A. Game theory Pressure Cooked wood韬光养晦
B. Showing off Anger Unable to take care of oneself Verdant trees
C. Launching Modesty Fierce momentum Inhumane
D. Trap Abandon Weak constitution Victory over enemies
3. Among the following sentences, which one uses the underlined word incorrectly? ( )
A. On his way through the streets, Chen Huansheng entered a department store to investigate if there were any hats he wanted to buy.
B. They work at the very edge and bottom of urban society, doing the dirtiest, hardest, and most tiring jobs with the lowest income, while being the quietest and most tolerant.
C. Legal professionals gathered not only to pay tribute to this spiritual mentor but also to affirm their shared ideals and aspirations.
D. Thinking about the mischief in his youth, wasn't he also like sand in his mother's eyes that could bring tears?
4. Among the following sentences, which one has no grammatical errors? ( )
A. If the credibility obtained by CCTV through administrative resources is not ensured to be used on the right path to serve the public, it will eventually be squandered due to incidents such as "advertising gate" and "infringement gate."
B. Historical anecdotes and profound doctrines from over two thousand years ago flowed gently like a river of spirit in the classroom, nurturing the hearts of students.
C. To avoid continuous water shortages, wetland reductions, and weakened self-purification abilities in Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province hopes to construct a Poyang Lake water conservancy hub to address these issues.
D. Regarding the significant income disparities among some social members, the correct policies should be implemented to protect legitimate income, eliminate illegal income, and adjust excessively high income.
5. Among the following sentences, which order forms the most coherent paragraph? ( )
(1) Art knowledge is a rational record of past art phenomena, itself non-artistic.
(2) Because what they know is historical rather than military.
(3) However, the foundation of artistic cultivation does not lie in art knowledge.
(4) A person with high artistic cultivation naturally possesses relatively sufficient art knowledge.
(5) This is akin to how people who know European war history and Napoleon's biography do not necessarily have adequate military cultivation.
A. (5)(2)(1)(3)(4) B. (1)(4)(3)(5)(2)
C. (4)(3)(1)(5)(2) D. (5)(2)(3)(4)(1)
Two, (9 points, each question 3 points)
Read the text below and answer questions 6-8.
To curb global warming, emissions must be reduced. On December 19, 2009, the United Nations Climate Change Conference closed in Copenhagen, Denmark. Although this conference did not make much substantial progress, it made the term "global warming" deeply rooted in people's minds. According to figures provided by the conference organizers, approximately 15,000 people attended the conference, including 5,000 journalists. Such a massive publicity scale allowed people to understand the importance given to global warming by political leaders and scientists around the world.
Recently, readers often call asking: Is climate change really worth so much effort? Of course, it is worth it because global warming will lead to more and more disasters, not just for people in tropical regions but also for those in temperate and polar regions. Global warming severely impacts the human environment and natural ecology, leading to water resource imbalances, agricultural production reduction, severe damage to ecosystems, and poses a huge challenge to the sustainable development of human society. If we let global warming continue along its current trend without restraint, many areas might face devastating blows within decades, with the island nation Maldives being one of them.
So, how can we effectively curb global warming? We must first clearly understand the causes of global warming. Scientists generally agree that excessive carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions caused by human activities are the main factors causing global warming. Based on this conclusion, to curb global warming, we must reduce carbon dioxide emissions. That is to say, we must systematically and step-by-step enter the low-carbon era and vigorously develop the low-carbon economy.
How to reduce carbon dioxide emissions? First, scientists thought of replacing fossil fuels with green energy that emits less carbon. Coal and natural gas, when burned, turn into carbon dioxide and water, simultaneously producing other pollutants. If we use solar, wind, and tidal energy, there would be almost no carbon emissions during the energy production process, except for minor emissions during the production, transportation, and maintenance of related equipment.
Next, scientists considered developing low-carbon technology. Low-carbon technology essentially means energy-saving technology. Energy conservation and emission reduction have a cause-and-effect relationship; whether using green or fossil energy, as long as less energy is consumed, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted will also decrease. Currently, the global low-carbon technology market transaction volume exceeds 30 billion RMB annually. These seemingly "insignificant" low-carbon technologies may seem unrelated to curbing global warming, but if every industry adopts low-carbon technology, the aggregated carbon emission reduction will be quite remarkable.
Finally, scientists need to find ways to absorb excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This idea seems straightforward; for example, planting more trees and cultivating more algae can absorb more carbon dioxide. However, plants' carbon absorption capacity is limited, and they release carbon after death. Therefore, scientists hope to develop artificial carbon-absorbing devices. Although these devices' principles are simple, most of them have obvious defects—high costs and low carbon absorption efficiency. If a cost-effective and highly efficient carbon-absorbing device could be developed, the prospects for emission reduction would be brighter.
(Excerpted from "Science Pictorial", February 2010 issue)
6. Which statement about "global warming" is correct? ( )
A. At the UN Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, political leaders and scientists paid great attention to global warming, making "global warming" widely recognized.
B. If global warming continues at the current rate, the island nation Maldives will face a devastating blow within decades.
C. As long as human activities emitting large amounts of carbon dioxide and other atmospheric greenhouse gases are controlled, global warming can be curbed.
D. Global warming severely affects the human environment and natural ecology, leading to increasingly more disasters, necessitating global attention.
7. Which understanding of "energy conservation and emission reduction having a cause-and-effect relationship" is correct? ( )
A. Because adopting low-carbon technology reduces carbon emissions, therefore, low-carbon technology that can reduce emissions is also energy-saving technology.
B. Because using less energy results in fewer carbon dioxide emissions, thus, saving energy achieves the purpose of reducing emissions.
C. Because conserving energy reduces carbon emissions, and reducing carbon emissions also means conserving energy, therefore, energy conservation and emission reduction are inseparable.
D. Because low-carbon technology effectively combines energy conservation and emission reduction, even though the amount of carbon reduction appears "insignificant," its prospects remain optimistic.
8. Which statement matches the original text? ( )
A. Solar, wind, and tidal energy emit no carbon during production, except for minimal carbon emissions during the production, transportation, and maintenance of related equipment.
B. Artificial carbon-absorbing devices hoped for by scientists have obvious defects due to overly simplistic principles—high costs and low carbon absorption efficiency.
C. Solving the problem of global warming requires not only reducing greenhouse gas emissions at the source but also clearing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
D. Using methods like planting trees and cultivating algae to absorb carbon is an effective way to reduce the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Three, (12 points, each question 3 points)
Read the classical Chinese text below and answer questions 9-12.
Fu Shan, styled Qingzhu, was from Yangqu. At six years old, he ate yellow essence and abstained from grain food. He was forced to eat rice. Whatever he read, he could recite it after reading it once. During the late Ming Dynasty, as the country was about to fall into chaos, many so-called gentry scholars were overly pedantic and not worth mentioning. Fu Shan resented this. When Yuan Jicheng, the educational commissioner, was falsely accused by Zhang Sunzhen, the provincial censor, Fu Shan, together with classmates like Cao Liangzhi, visited the Office of Public Grievances three times to file complaints. Yuan Jicheng was vindicated, and Fu Shan became famous nationwide. After the Ming Dynasty fell, Fu Shan changed into a Taoist priest's attire, wearing red clothes, living in a cave to support his mother. Yuan Jicheng was captured from Jiujiang and brought back to Yan's mansion. He sent a poem written in prison to Fu Shan and said, "I dare not feel ashamed before my friends!" Upon reading the letter, Fu Shan cried bitterly and said, "Alas! How dare I betray you!"
In the eleventh year of Shunzhi, Fu Shan was arrested due to the Henan case. He refused to yield and fasted for nine days, nearly dying. His disciples saved him with a clever plan, allowing him to escape punishment. However, Fu Shan deeply regretted and hated himself, thinking that dying quickly would be more peaceful. Yet, he never stopped looking up at the sky and down at the earth. When the whole country had stabilized, he began interacting with others again.
In the seventeenth year of Kangxi, an imperial edict summoned talented individuals for nomination. Geshi Zhongkong recommended Fu Shan, but Fu Shan firmly declined. Local officials forcibly compelled him, even ordering servants to carry his bed to move him. When they reached twenty miles from Beijing, he vowed to die rather than enter. Feng Pu, the Grand Secretary, visited him first, followed by all the ministers. Fu Shan lay on his bed without performing any welcoming or farewell rituals. Wei Xiangchu reported his old age and illness to the emperor, and the emperor issued an edict exempting him from the examination and appointing him as a cabinet secretary as a favor. Feng Pu insisted that Fu Shan personally thank the emperor, so they carried him into the city. Upon seeing the Great Qing Gate, Fu Shan burst into tears and collapsed on the ground. Wei Xiangchu interjected, "Stop, stop, this is gratitude enough!" The next day, Fu Shan returned home, and Feng Pu and those below him all came out of the city to see him off. Fu Shan sighed, "From now on, I will be free of all worldly entanglements!" Later, he added, "If future generations mistakenly regard me as virtuous as Xu Heng or Liu Yin, I will die without closing my eyes!" Those who heard this were shocked. Returning home, high-ranking officials all came to visit him. Regardless of winter or summer, Fu Shan wore a single cotton robe, referring to himself as a "commoner." When someone asked, "Are you not a scholar?" He did not respond. Eventually, he passed away, dressed in red robes and wearing a yellow cap.
Fu Shan excelled in calligraphy and painting, saying, "Calligraphy should prefer clumsiness over cleverness, ugliness over prettiness, disarray over slickness, and sincerity over contrivance." People said these words weren't merely about calligraphy. His poetry and prose initially emulated Han Yu and Changli, reveling in their own strength, but later, he wrote freely, incorporating humorous and vulgar language into his works, not intending to become renowned for it. He authored "Shuang Hong Niche Collection" in twelve volumes. His son, Mei, preceded him in passing away, and his wall writings were appended accordingly. (Selected from "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty," with modifications.)
9. Among the explanations for the underlined words in the following sentences, which one is incorrect? ( )
A. Fu Shan read the book. Read: Discard.
B. By the time the whole country had stabilized. By: Wait until.
C. Ordering servants to carry his bed to move him. Carry: Lift.
D. Fu Shan excelled in calligraphy and painting. Excel: Be good at.
10. Among the following groups of sentences, which one has the same meaning and usage for the underlined words?
A. Forced him, then he ate. Now you have fled Zhao and gone to Yan.
B. Made people carry him in. My grandfather held this to court during the Xuande period.
C. And will die unrepentantly. There are also sounds of elderly people coughing and laughing in the valleys.
D. People said these words aren't merely about calligraphy. At this time, Shang Jun assisted him.
11. Among the following six sentences, divided into four groups, which group entirely directly expresses Fu Shan's belief in "preferring clumsiness over cleverness, ugliness over prettiness, disarray over slickness, and sincerity over contrivance"? ( )
① Whatever he read, he could recite after reading it once. ② Yuan Jicheng was captured from Jiujiang and brought back to Yan's mansion, sending a poem in prison to Fu Shan.
③ Upon seeing the Great Qing Gate, Fu Shan burst into tears. ④ The next day, Fu Shan returned home, and Feng Pu and those below him all came out of the city to see him off.
⑤ Regardless of winter or summer, Fu Shan wore a single cotton robe, referring to himself as a "commoner." ⑥ Later, he wrote freely, incorporating humorous and vulgar language into his works.
A. ①②③ B. ①④⑥ C. ②④⑤ D. ③⑤⑥
12. Among the following analyses of the original content, which one is incorrect? ( )
A. Fu Shan was a man of justice. When the educational commissioner Yuan Jicheng was falsely accused, Fu Shan stood up and went to the Office of Public Grievances to file complaints with Cao Liangzhi and others.
B. Regarding the rescue by his disciples, Fu Shan deeply regretted and hated himself, believing that dying earlier would have been more peaceful. Thus, he daily looked up at the sky and down at the earth, refusing to interact with outsiders.
C. Fu Shan had a strong character. When Emperor Kangxi issued an edict requiring ministers to recommend talents, Fu Shan firmly refused upon being recommended by Geshi Zhongkong, even refusing to comply despite official coercion.
D. The last section of the article describes Fu Shan's achievements in calligraphy and literature, serving as a powerful supplement to Fu Shan's personality portrayal and reinforcing his personal charm.
(Two) Part One, (15 points, each question 3 points)
1. Among the following words with underlined characters, which pair has completely identical pronunciation? ( )
A. Relative / Look forward Fruit paste / Field father Note / Shotgun Jade / Willow family
B. Counterboard / Exposure Nursery / Duck web Crown / Coronary heart disease Blessing / Clap hands
C. Deliberation / Palace tower Clumsy / Outstanding Incite / Upwards Shoot Accumulate / Crowd
D. Laborer / Hire Birth year / Heroic figure Blade / Liangshan Wharf Trivial / Demobilization
2. Among the following groups of words, which one contains two misspellings? ( )
A. Collide Vent Videotape Pick up scraps Rush in
B. Consider Arrest Postcard Recruitment announcement Reap what one sows
C. Heatwave Hibernate Fishing rod Act rashly A drop in the ocean
D. Dignity Straw Rice Lantern Festival Exhausted Historian
3. Among the following sentences, which one uses the underlined idiom improperly? ( )
A. On the second day of seeing things, I will get up with dawn and watch the fascinating spectacle of night turning into day. I will watch the unpredictable changes in light and color with awe as the sun awakens the earth.
B. If Sofres is willing to treat young and old fairly in publishing ratings, Zhou Libo is definitely the person CCTV wants to eliminate the most.
C. Recalling more than ten years ago, every National Day evening, our courtyard was almost deserted because everyone went to the square to watch the fireworks show.
D. The traitor Li Mou, at the beginning of the resistance, secretly flirted with the Japanese invaders and later openly sold out, becoming a running dog of the Japanese.
4. Among the following sentences, which one has no grammatical errors? ( )
A. "Study hard, make progress every day." It seems simple to listen to, but actually achieving it is not easy.
B. So far, including France, Germany, and Japan, etc., developed countries have issued specific measures aimed at reducing emissions, and various car giants have explicitly stated that they will increase investment and research and development efforts in new technologies.
C. Baihua Zhou Wen Yi Press will hold a signing event for Wen Yanxia's "Women in Enclosures" at 2:30 PM on March 8th at the Guangchang Xinhua Bookstore in Nanchang City. At that time, besides getting Wen Yanxia's on-site signature, there will also be a live performance of a wonderful excerpt from "Women in Enclosures," fortune-telling based on birth date and time.
D. Under the teacher's meticulous guidance, the choir members' singing skills rapidly improved, and finally, in the 2010 national choir competition, they won the gold award.
5. Among the following sentences, which one uses punctuation marks correctly? ( )
A. Our Chinese teacher often says: Learning Chinese relies on accumulation, gradual progression, and "eye involvement, hand involvement, mind involvement."
B. What is family affection? When you are together, it is happiness; when you are apart, it is longing, dreams, tears, Dujuan crying blood!
C. A few years ago, Guo Degang created a provocative crosstalk piece titled "I Want to Appear on Spring Festival Gala" that thoroughly criticized the Spring Festival Gala.
D. Urban idlers, after the rain, stand under the slanted bridge shadow, go to the tree shade under the bridgehead, and when they meet acquaintances, they will use a slow and leisurely tone to sigh and say, "Ah, it's really cool..." (This "le" is pronounced high and dragged out for a long time.)
Part Two, (9 points, each question 3 points)
Read the article below and answer questions 6-8.
According to China News Service on January 14, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences held a "2009 Public Archaeology Forum of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences" in Beijing today. The recently discovered Cao Cao tomb in Anyang has become the theme of the forum. Wang Wei, director of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, stated that the currently identified Ximen Biao Temple and Lu Qian's epitaph still have doubts, and although the Cao Cao tomb can be "preliminarily determined according to archaeological research methods," this "is not the final conclusion, and it cannot be definitively concluded at present."
Pan Weibin, the host of the excavation of the "Cao Wei Mausoleum" in Xigaoxue, Anyang County, listed nine confirming pieces of evidence, including era, scale, remains, artifacts, and literature at the forum. Someone questioned the dating of the Ximen Biao Temple used to confirm the location of the Cao Cao tomb and whether the