The bursting of the dot-com bubble in the fall of 2001 marked a turning point for the Internet. Many people concluded that the Internet had been overhyped, but in fact the dot-com bubble and the big stock market downturn that followed appear to be a common feature of all technological revolutions. Such downturns typically mark the point at which a rising technology has begun to take center stage: the pretenders are weeded out, the truly successful stories demonstrate their staying power, and people start to understand what distinguishes one from the other.