The first beating heart condition valved ascending aortic replacement operation completed tract spasm and other shortcomings, limiting the clinical use. Sevoflurane is a new type of inhalation anesthetic, with a slightly sweet odor, minimal irritation to the respiratory tract, and a comfortable feeling upon inhalation, making it acceptable for children to inhale. Blood gas partition coefficients are 0.63, brain/blood distribution coefficient is 1.7, hence inducing rapid onset and quick awakening. The report by Jiang Jundan indicates that the lash reflex time under 4% sevoflurane anesthesia is 1.24 minutes, and the test duration is 1.8 minutes, which may be related to the younger age of the children in the experiment and their relatively higher minimum alveolar concentration (MAC). There are reports that higher concentrations of sevoflurane induce more quickly, and experimental results show that the ketamine group has a shorter pain vanishing time than the sevoflurane group, possibly due to the strong analgesic effect of ketamine. The recovery time in the sevoflurane group was shorter than in the ketamine group, as sevoflurane has a smaller distribution coefficient, making it more suitable for short operations under sevoflurane anesthesia. In burn patients, blood diffuses from circulation to tissue interstitial fluid, reducing circulating blood volume, so attention should be paid to the impact on circulation during anesthesia. It is generally believed that sevoflurane has no effect or slightly increases heart rate. In this experiment, there were no significant changes in heart rate or blood pressure in the sevoflurane group, thus sevoflurane is safe for burn patients. Meanwhile, the ketamine group showed sympathetic excitatory effects and obvious rises in heart rate. There have been reports that inhaling 8% sevoflurane does not cause coughing or laryngospasm and has a small impact on respiration, whereas ketamine easily evokes laryngeal spasm during pediatric lip and palate repair surgeries. In the present study, there was no respiratory depression in the sevoflurane group, with no oxygen saturation below 95%, while one case of laryngeal spasm occurred in the ketamine group, requiring assisted ventilation. A description of 3% to 5% sevoflurane shows very little respiratory inhibition, allowing patients to maintain spontaneous breathing, with fewer complications compared to ketamine. In this group, six cases used 3% sevoflurane, which is a low concentration; there was no difference in awakening time or effects on circulation and respiration between 4% and 5% sevoflurane, but 5% sevoflurane had a faster onset of action. In summary, sevoflurane has rapid onset and quick awakening, minimal effects on circulation and respiration, is easy for children to accept, and reduces the incidence of complications significantly, making it suitable for anesthesia during burn dressing changes and short operations in children aged 4 and above, with 5% sevoflurane showing good effects.