Some female friends' nipples are not normal, not only not protruding, but also fully sunken. What is the reason for this? What are the causes of nipple inversion? How to correct it? Next, experts will introduce it in detail. Causes of nipple inversion Nipple inversion is mainly caused by congenital heredity, but trauma or surgery, such as breast tumor and fibrous hyperplasia after mastitis, may also cause patients' nipple inversion. The main cause of congenital nipple inversion is the poor development of smooth muscle of the nipple and areola. These muscle fibers pull inward, and the lack of supporting tissue under the nipple also forms nipple inversion. Inversion generally occurs simultaneously on both sides, but unilateral onset can also occur. Click our online expert consultation What to do about inverted nipples, are there any good correction methods? Experts said that according to the degree of nipple inversion, nipple inversion can be divided into mild nipple inversion and severe nipple inversion. Mild nipple inversion refers to the fact that the patient's inverted nipple can be restored by slightly squeezing or pulling the nipple, restoring its normal shape, which can be called reversible nipple inversion. The correction of this kind of nipple inversion can be done through non-surgical conservative treatment. The best time to treat is before marriage or early pregnancy. There are two main non-surgical methods: manual traction and mechanical traction. Quanzhou Huamei Plastic Surgery and Beauty Consultation Hotline: 0595-2901 0388; Appointment QQ: 8000 15388. 1. Manual traction for correcting inverted nipples: This method is effective for patients whose nipple inversion is not very serious. It is simple and easy to operate, and can be done at home. Patients squeeze the inverted nipple out of the skin surface by themselves, pinch the nipple with thumb and index finger in horizontal or vertical direction, and pull the nipple outward continuously or intermittently. Each time lasts about thirty minutes, alternating between both nipples, 3-5 times a day, and can see results in two months. 2. Instrumental traction for correcting inverted nipples: Mainly for patients with more serious nipple inversion, the method is simple, that is, through manual or electric breast pump, using negative pressure principle, the nipple is sucked out, similarly, the nipple can be continuously or intermittently sucked, each time lasts thirty minutes, alternating between both sides, 3-5 times a day, and can get better results after two months. Severe nipple inversion is also known as irreversible nipple inversion. Upper eyelid eversion repair is required for this type of inversion, which can only be corrected through surgical operation. The principle of nipple inversion correction surgery is to completely loosen the muscle fiber bundles that pull the inverted nipple, so that the surrounding tissue fills under the nipple, to enhance the support force of the nipple, and achieve the purpose of nipple protrusion and reshaping. Nipple inversion correction surgery is usually performed under local anesthesia. There are various surgical methods, which can be purposefully selected according to the specific situation of the patient. All surgeries are performed within the range of the areola. The surgery is small and will not leave obvious surgical scars. Under normal circumstances, it will not damage the sensory nerves of the nipple, so it will not interfere with the normal sensation of the nipple after the operation. Nipple inversion correction surgery generally does not destroy the mammary ducts, so it will not cause obstacles to breastfeeding. To learn more about breast plastic surgery information, please click to consult our online experts. However, after the surgical correction of nipple inversion, in order to prevent the recurrence of nipple inversion, it is necessary to manually traction the nipple for l-2 months after the suture removal 5-7 days after the surgery. Those who have the conditions can also use instrument traction to consolidate the curative effect.