Author: Crown Prince's Blog
National General Use 2011 May 100 Refined Practice (2) Chinese Language Test (Part One)
One, (15 points, each question worth 3 points)
1. Among the following words with highlighted characters, which one has all correct pronunciations? ( )
A. Brocade (qǐ) Coarse (cāo) Not Worthy to Mention (shù) A Pen as Big as a Roof Beam (chuán)
B. Embellish (chēng) Liquor Shop (fáng) Well-Read and Knowledgeable (zhì) Keep Oneself Clean (hào)
C. Stroke (zhòng) Edge (léng) Tongue-Tied (zé) Disappointed Gaze and Low Regret (huái)
D. Match (pì) Narrate (gōng) Strange Events (qī) Seen Frequently (xiǎn)
2. Among the following words, which one has no misspellings? ( )
A. Strategy Struggle On the Brink of Death Conceal One's Abilities
B. Flaunt Annoy Unable to Take Care of Oneself Trees Are Lush
C. Launch Exceed Authority Fierce Momentum Unfeeling
D. Trap Abandon Weak Constitution Overcome the Enemy
3. In the following sentences, which one uses the highlighted word incorrectly? ( )
A. Chen Huansheng wandered around looking at stores and when he encountered a department store, he went in to investigate whether there were any hats he wanted to buy.
B. They are on the fringes and bottom rungs of urban society, doing the dirtiest, hardest, and most tiring work with the lowest income, while being the most silent and enduring.
C. Legal professionals gathered not only to pay tribute to this spiritual mentor but also to uphold the ideal of mutual encouragement and pursuit.
D. Reflecting on the mischief of one’s youth, wasn’t it also a tear-inducing sand grain in the eyes of one’s mother?
4. Among the following sentences, which one has no grammatical errors? ( )
A. If CCTV cannot ensure that its credibility gained through administrative resources is used for the right purpose of serving the public, it will eventually be squandered away due to incidents like “advertising scandal” or “infringement scandal.”
B. Historical anecdotes and profound doctrines from over two thousand years ago flowed gently in the classroom like a river of spirit, nourishing the hearts of the students.
C. To avoid the continuous reduction of water levels, wetlands, and purification capabilities in Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province hopes to construct a Poyang Lake water conservancy hub to escape this predicament.
D. Regarding the issue of large income disparities among some social members, the correct policy should be to protect legal incomes, eliminate illegal incomes, and adjust excessively high incomes.
5. Which of the following sequences forms the most coherent paragraph? ( )
(1) Art knowledge is a rational record of past art phenomena; itself non-artistic.
(2) Because what they know is historical rather than military.
(3) However, the foundation of artistic cultivation does not lie in art knowledge.
(4) A person with high artistic cultivation naturally has relatively sufficient art knowledge.
(5) This is like how people who know the basics of European war history and Napoleon's life may not necessarily have adequate military cultivation.
A. (5)(2)(1)(3)(4)
B. (1)(4)(3)(5)(2)
C. (4)(3)(1)(5)(2)
D. (5)(2)(3)(4)(1)
Two, (9 points, each question worth 3 points)
Read the following text and answer questions 6-8.
To curb global warming, emissions must be reduced. On December 19, 2009, the United Nations Climate Change Conference held in Copenhagen, Denmark, concluded. Although this conference did not achieve much substantial progress, it made the term "global warming" deeply rooted in people's minds. According to figures provided by the conference organizers, about 15,000 people attended the meeting, including 5,000 journalists. Such a massive publicity scale allowed people to understand the extent to which political leaders and scientists around the world take global warming seriously.
Recently, readers often call to ask: Is the climate change issue really worth so much effort? Of course, it is worthy because global warming will cause more and more disasters. Not just the people in tropical regions need attention, but also those in temperate and cold regions. Global warming severely affects the human environment and natural ecology, leading to imbalances in water resources, agricultural reductions, serious damage to ecosystems, and bringing huge impacts to the sustainable development of human society. If we allow global warming to continue at the current trend, many areas could face devastating blows within decades, including the island nation of Maldives.
So, how can we effectively curb global warming? First, we need to figure out the causes of global warming. Scientists generally agree that the main factor causing global warming is the large amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emitted by human activities. Based on this conclusion, we know that to curb global warming, we must reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. That is, we must systematically and progressively enter a low-carbon era and vigorously develop a low-carbon economy.
How can we reduce the emission of carbon dioxide? First, scientists thought of replacing fossil fuels with green energy that emits less carbon. Coal and natural gas emit carbon dioxide and water after burning, along with other pollutants. If we use new energies like solar, wind, and tidal power, there would be almost no carbon emissions during the process of producing energy, except for the production, transportation, and maintenance of related equipment.
Next, scientists considered developing low-carbon technology. So-called low-carbon technology essentially refers to energy-saving technology. Energy conservation and emission reduction are interrelated causes and effects. Whether it's green energy or fossil energy, as long as it's used sparingly, the emission of carbon dioxide will also decrease. Currently, the annual transaction volume of the global low-carbon technology market exceeds 3 billion RMB. These seemingly "insignificant" low-carbon technologies seem difficult to associate with the "great endeavor" of curbing global warming. However, if every industry adopts low-carbon technology, the aggregated carbon reduction would be quite significant.
Finally, scientists need to find ways to absorb excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This idea seems simple; for example, planting more trees and cultivating more algae can absorb more carbon dioxide. However, plants' ability to absorb carbon is limited, and they emit carbon after death. Therefore, scientists hope to develop artificial carbon-absorbing devices. Although these devices have simple principles, they mostly have obvious defects—high costs and low carbon absorption efficiency. If a cost-effective and efficient carbon-absorbing device can be developed, the prospects for emission reduction would be brighter.
(Excerpted from Science Picture Magazine, February 2010 issue)
6. Which of the following statements about "global warming" is correct? ( )
A. The United Nations Climate Change Conference held in Copenhagen made "global warming" deeply understood by political leaders and scientists around the world.
B. If global warming continues at the current rate, the island country of Maldives will suffer a devastating blow within decades.
C. As long as the large amount of carbon dioxide and other atmospheric greenhouse gases emitted by human activities are controlled, global warming can be curbed.
D. Global warming severely affects the human environment and natural ecology, thus triggering more and more disasters, requiring the attention of all humanity.
7. Which of the following correctly understands the relationship between "energy conservation and emission reduction" being mutually causal? ( )
A. Because adopting low-carbon technology reduces carbon emissions, any low-carbon technology that can reduce emissions is also an energy-saving technology.
B. Because using less energy reduces carbon dioxide emissions, saving energy achieves the goal of reducing emissions.
C. Because saving energy reduces carbon emissions, and reducing carbon emissions means saving energy, energy conservation and emission reduction are inseparable.
D. Because low-carbon technology can effectively combine energy conservation and emission reduction, despite the seemingly "insignificant" carbon reduction, its prospects remain optimistic.
8. Which of the following statements matches the original meaning? ( )
A. During the production process of solar, wind, and tidal energy, there are no carbon emissions, only minimal carbon emissions occur during the production, transportation, and maintenance of related equipment.
B. Artificial carbon-absorbing devices hoped for by scientists have simple principles but mostly have obvious defects—high costs and low carbon absorption efficiency.
C. Solving the problem of global warming requires reducing the emission of greenhouse gases at the source and completely clearing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
D. Using methods such as planting trees and cultivating algae to reduce emissions is an effective way to absorb excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Three, (12 points, each question worth 3 points)
Read the following classical Chinese text and answer questions 9-12.
Fu Shan, style name Qingzhu, was from Yangqu. At six years old, he ate yellow essence and did not eat grains. He was forced to eat rice. Whatever he read, he could recite it after reading once. During the late Ming Dynasty, when the country was in turmoil, many scholars were too rigid and lacked merit. Fu Shan was indignant. When the inspector Yuan Jicheng was falsely accused by Zhang Sunzhen, who was a eunuch faction member, Fu Shan gathered his classmates Cao Liangzhi and others to visit the Ministry of Justice, submitting three petitions to sue on his behalf. Governor Wu also supported Yuan, and the case was overturned. Fu Shan became famous nationwide because of this. After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, Fu Shan changed into a Taoist robe, wearing red robes, living in a cave to support his mother. Yuan Jicheng was captured and taken to Yanjing from Jiuxiang. He sent a poem written during his hardship to Fu Shan and said, "I do not feel ashamed of my friends!" Fu Shan read the letter and cried bitterly, saying, "Alas! How dare I betray you!"
In the eleventh year of Shunzhi, Fu Shan was arrested due to involvement in the Henan case. He refused to yield, fasting for nine days, nearly dying. Some disciples saved him with clever plans, allowing him to escape punishment. However, Fu Shan deeply regretted and hated himself, believing that a quick death would be better. Yet, he continued to look up at the sky and down at the earth every day without stopping. By the time the country had stabilized, he began interacting with people again.
In the seventeenth year of Kangxi, the emperor issued an edict recommending talented individuals, recommended by the censor Li Zongkong, Fu Shan firmly declined. The officials forcibly coerced him, even ordering laborers to carry his bed to move him. Twenty miles from Beijing, he vowed to die before entering. Grand Secretary Feng Pu first visited him, followed by all the ministers. Fu Shan lay on his bed and did not observe formalities for welcoming or sending off guests. Wei Xiangchu informed the emperor of his old age and illness, and the emperor decreed that he be exempted from the examination, bestowing the title of Cabinet Middle Book as a favor. Feng Pu forced him to thank the emperor personally, carrying him into the city. Upon seeing the Great Qing Gate, tears streamed down his face, and he fell to the ground. Wei Xiangchu intervened, saying, "Stop, stop, this is gratitude enough!" The next day, he returned home, and all officials below Feng Pu came out of the city to see him off. Fu Shan sighed, saying, "From now on, I am free from worldly troubles!" He then said, "If future generations mistakenly regard me as virtuous like Xu Heng or Liu Yin, I will die with regret!" Those who heard this were shocked. Upon returning home, all high officials came to pay their respects. Fu Shan wore the same cotton clothes in winter and summer, calling himself a "commoner." Some asked, "Are you not a scholar?" He did not respond. He passed away, dressed in red robes and a yellow cap.
Fu Shan excelled in calligraphy and painting, stating, "Calligraphy should be clumsy rather than skillful, ugly rather than charming, disjointed rather than smooth, and genuine rather than contrived." People said this statement referred to more than just calligraphy. His poetry and prose initially emulated Han Changli, delighting in self-expression. Later, he freely wrote, incorporating vulgar language and humor into his works, not intending to become renowned for them. He authored "Shuang Hong Niche Collection" in twelve volumes. His son Mei preceded him in death; his wall writings are also included. (Selected from the "Qing History Manuscript," revised.)
9. Among the explanations of the highlighted words in the following sentences, which one is incorrect? ( )
A. Fu Shan read the letter. Read: Discard.
B. By the time the country had stabilized. By: Wait until.
C. Ordered laborers to carry his bed. Carry: Lift.
D. Fu Shan excelled in calligraphy and painting. Excel: Be skilled in.
10. Among the following groups of sentences, which group has the same meaning and usage of the highlighted word?
A. Forced him to eat. Now you flee Zhao to Yan.
B. Had someone carry him inside. My grandfather held this during the Xuande period to attend court.
C. And will die with regret. There are also sounds of elderly people coughing and laughing in the valley.
D. People say this statement refers to more than just calligraphy. At this time, Shang Jun assisted him.
11. Among the following six sentences, divided into four groups, which group fully represents Fu Shan's belief in "being clumsy rather than skillful, ugly rather than charming, disjointed rather than smooth, and genuine rather than contrived"?
① Whatever he read, he could recite it after reading once.
② Yuan Jicheng was captured and taken to Yanjing from Jiuxiang, sending a poem written during his hardship to Fu Shan.
③ Seeing the Great Qing Gate, tears streamed down his face.
④ The next day, he returned home, and all officials below Feng Pu came out of the city to see him off.
⑤ Fu Shan wore the same cotton clothes in winter and summer, calling himself a "commoner."
⑥ Later, he freely wrote, incorporating vulgar language and humor into his works.
A. ①②③ B. ①④⑥ C. ②④⑤ D. ③⑤⑥
12. Which of the following analyses and summaries of the original content is incorrect? ( )
A. Fu Shan was a man of justice. When the inspector Yuan Jicheng was falsely accused, he stood up and went to the Ministry of Justice to sue on his behalf with Cao Liangzhi and others.
B. Regarding the rescue efforts by his disciples, Fu Shan deeply regretted and hated himself, believing that a quick death would be better, so he refused to interact with outsiders every day.
C. Fu Shan had a strong character. When Emperor Kangxi issued an edict recommending talented individuals, and Fu Shan was recommended by the censor Li Zongkong, Fu Shan firmly refused, even resisting official coercion.
D. The last section of the article describes Fu Shan's achievements in calligraphy and literature, which is not only a useful supplement to Fu Shan's character portrayal but also reinforces Fu Shan's charm.
(Two) One, (15 points, each question worth 3 points)
1. Among the following words with highlighted characters, which pair has identical pronunciations for each set? ( )
A. Relative/Foot Raised Preserved Fruit/Field Elder Scattered Notes/Shrapnel Gun Jade/Pu Willow Family
B. Board/Lay Bare Nursery/Grebe Coronet/Coronary Artery Blessing/Palm Talk
C. Consultation/Palace Archway Clumsy/Outstanding Urge/Upward Rush Accumulate/Mass Movement
D. Laborer/Hire Zodiac/Brave Hero Cleaver/Mountain Marsh Triviality/Retirement
2. Among the following words, which group contains two misspelled words? ( )
A. Collision Vent Record Player Pick Up Others' Ideas Come In Droves
B. All Respect Arrest Postcard Recruitment Notice Self-Made Suffering
C. Heatwave Hibernate Fishing Rod Act Out Of Impulse Grain In The Vast Sea
D. Prestige Straw Rice Lantern Festival Donkey Exhausted Skills Miscellaneous Records
3. Which of the following sentences uses the highlighted idiom improperly? ( )
A. On my second day of sight, I will get up with dawn to watch the breathtaking transformation from night to day. I will respectfully admire the ever-changing light, which awakens the earth.
B. If Sofres is willing to treat young and old equally when publishing audience ratings, Zhou Libo is definitely the person that CCTV wants to "get rid of."
C. Thinking back more than ten years ago, almost every courtyard was empty on National Day nights because everyone went to watch the fireworks show.
D. The traitor Li started secretly courting the Japanese invaders at the beginning of the war, later openly selling himself to become a lackey of the Japanese.
4. Which of the following sentences has no grammatical errors? ( )
A. "Study hard, make progress every day." It sounds simple, but achieving it is not easy.
B. As