Crop circles are fascinating patterns that range from simple to complex designs, small to large in size, and occur most frequently during the season when wheat crops mature. The most common discoveries happen in specific damaged areas where the shapes resemble circles formed by wheat stems being pushed down by a symmetrical rotating force with an axis. Typically, the flexible stems do not break but instead fall flat on the ground. In most cases, a clear vortex or spiral-shaped trace can be observed, tightly packed at the center and extending outward with a diameter of sixty meters or more, featuring a well-defined perimeter. Both clockwise and counterclockwise rotations are common, but at some sites, only clockwise rotation circles are found.
Mature wheat fields produce the best crop circles. Wheat in immature fields tends to grow upright, a characteristic absent in mature fields. Therefore, crop circles formed in young wheat fields are less noticeable because they continue to grow, whereas most crop circles formed in mature fields remain flattened until harvest.
In 1983, British researcher Colin Andrews first discovered crop circles. There were no footprints around the fields containing these circles, and the wheat stalks inside the circles were bent over without breaking, indicating that they were not made by trampling.
The radiation levels within crop circles are higher, yet the yield of wheat does not decrease; instead, productivity increases—wheat inside the circles produces 40% more grain. There is also a slight amount of radiation in the soil, and it is said that these phenomena are often associated with UFO sightings in the area.
Based on the historical development of crop circle shapes, they have evolved from small to large, from simple lines to complex curve patterns, including geometric shapes, animal appearances, computer graphics, and even text.
After discovering crop circles in 1983, Colin Andrews established the "International Crop Circle Research Centre (CPI)" to study them. According to their research, which involved examining the condition of the fallen wheat stalks and the soil, it was found that the fallen stalks had no visible damage, confirming that they were created by powerful energy forces.