The Yellow Emperor was the son of Shaodian, surnamed Gongsun, and named Yuanxuan. He was divine from birth, able to speak when he was weak (infant), clever in his youth, diligent and wise in adulthood, and became exceptionally intelligent when he matured. Regarding "Shaodian", according to the commentary by Sima Qian, it is not a personal name but the title of a feudal lord or an ancient tribal name. The term "son" refers to a descendant. Concerning "Gongsun", another interpretation from Huangfu Mi suggests that since the Yellow Emperor was born in Shouqiu and grew up near Ji River, he adopted Ji as his surname. However, in the "Five Virtues of the Emperors" from the "Dai Dai Li", there is no mention of "surname Gongsun". Some scholars like Cui Shi argue that "Gongsun" refers to the grandson of a nobleman rather than being the surname of the Yellow Emperor.