I. Classification of Causes
1. True Urinary Incontinence: Diseases such as bladder stones, male kidney-yang deficiency [http://www.gzznjj.com], tuberculosis, and tumors can cause excessive contraction of the detrusor muscle, relaxation or paralysis of the urethral sphincter, leading to the loss of bladder urine storage function. As a result, any urine is immediately expelled, also known as an autonomous bladder.
2. False Urinary Incontinence: Lower urinary tract obstruction in patients with chronic urinary retention leads to excessive bladder expansion and increased bladder pressure, causing urine to be forcibly overflowed. This is called false urinary incontinence or enuresis. It can be seen in congenital occult spinal bifida; urinary retention caused by various reasons. It is also observed in healthy children under 5 years old. Due to incomplete physical development and unstable establishment of the urination nerve reflex arc, during deep sleep at night, urine is automatically discharged, referred to as bedwetting. With growth and development, it can stop on its own and does not represent a pathological condition.
3. Stress Urinary Incontinence: Due to relaxation of the urethral sphincter, when patients cough, laugh loudly, sneeze, etc., causing sudden elevation of abdominal pressure, a small amount of urine may be involuntarily discharged. This is seen in elderly individuals with degenerative changes in the urethral sphincter; functional relaxation of the urethral sphincter in young and middle-aged women; also due to uterine compression of the bladder during pregnancy; and tumor-induced bladder compression.
4. Congenital Urinary Incontinence: Seen in congenital urinary tract malformations, ectopic openings of the urethra, patent urachus, epispadias, and vesicovaginal fistula related to kidney-yang deficiency.
II. Mechanism
The normal urethral sphincter has a certain degree of tension, while the detrusor muscle remains relaxed, allowing urine to be stored in the bladder. During urination, through a series of neural reflex activities, the detrusor muscle contracts and the sphincter relaxes, allowing urine to be expelled. If there is persistent spasm of the detrusor muscle or excessive relaxation of the sphincter, urine cannot be accumulated in the bladder and will flow out automatically, which is urinary incontinence, known as true urinary incontinence. If there is an obstruction in the lower urinary tract or weakness of the detrusor muscle, urine lingers in the bladder, leading to overdistension and gradually increasing bladder pressure. Urine can then overflow at any time, causing [overflow incontinence], also known as false urinary incontinence or enuresis.
For more men's health information: www.gzznjj.com [http://www.gzznjj.com] Related articles: How do men with kidney deficiency replenish kidney-yang? What causes frequent urination? Why does frequent urination occur?