Experts from the Nanjing Armed Police Force Hospital's Anorectal Center point out that hemorrhoids are a common disease, affecting both men and women, with a higher incidence rate in women. Hemorrhoids are classified based on their location as internal, external, or mixed hemorrhoids. Severe cases of hemorrhoids can lead to or trigger cardiovascular diseases, especially in elderly patients.
Furthermore, having hemorrhoids often creates psychological pressure, making people reluctant to use the restroom. Over time, this reluctance can worsen constipation. When defecation becomes difficult, patients may strain, causing an increased heart rate which could result in cerebral vascular rupture, leading to cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral embolism. In cases of prolapsed internal hemorrhoids, the pain can also induce angina attacks. If thrombosis occurs, it could lead to pulmonary embolism.
The main symptoms of hemorrhoids are bleeding during bowel movements and prolapse. Repeated bleeding during defecation causes significant iron loss, potentially leading to iron-deficiency anemia. Anemia caused by blood loss from hemorrhoids generally progresses slowly and may not show symptoms or only mild symptoms in the early stages.
When anemia is severe or progresses quickly, symptoms such as pallor, fatigue, weakness, decreased appetite, palpitations, increased heart rate, shortness of breath after physical activity, and swelling may occur. Some patients may experience neurological symptoms like irritability, excitement, and restlessness, which some believe is due to a lack of intracellular iron enzymes. All these symptoms typically disappear after treating the anemia and addressing the hemorrhoids.
According to experts at the Nanjing Armed Police Force Hospital's Anorectal Center, the initial symptoms of hemorrhoids are not very obvious. Since some patients consider hemorrhoids a minor issue and do not pay attention, many early-stage hemorrhoid patients do not receive timely treatment. As the condition worsens, some patients are diagnosed with hemorrhoids, while others may be diagnosed with colon cancer.
With age or under certain pathological conditions, the smooth muscle and fibrous tissue within the anal cushion gradually deteriorate, losing elasticity or breaking. This can lead to prolapse, bleeding, or discomfort during bowel movements, especially when accompanied by chronic constipation. Therefore, hemorrhoids mainly form due to the displacement of the anal cushion, which is also related to long-term alcohol consumption and the intake of large amounts of spicy, stimulating foods.
From examining numerous surgically removed hemorrhoid specimens and conducting histochemical and microscopic analyses, it has been confirmed that the structure of hemorrhoidal tissue is identical to that of normal anal cushions and does not change throughout life. There are also few reports of malignant transformation of hemorrhoids in medical literature. Generally speaking, hemorrhoids do not become cancerous.
Although hemorrhoids themselves do not become cancerous, they can potentially trigger cancerous changes. Long-term chronic inflammation and purulent secretions polluting the anus may eventually lead to cancer over time.
While there have been no reported cases of hemorrhoids becoming cancerous domestically or internationally, it is important for patients with hemorrhoids to seek treatment early to prevent complications.
Additionally, experts from the Nanjing Armed Police Force Hospital's Anorectal Center remind everyone to be aware of another situation: when patients with hemorrhoids also have anal or rectal cancer. Early-stage anal or rectal cancer may present with small lesions and unclear clinical signs. If doctors are not careful during examinations, misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis can occur, delaying the patient's optimal treatment timing.
Therefore, patients with hemorrhoids, especially those with a family history of anal or rectal cancer, should undergo detailed examinations at specialized hospitals.
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**Nanjing Armed Police Force Hospital's Anorectal Center**
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**Consultation Phone:** 025-85500079
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**Hospital Address:** No. 256 Heyan Road, Nanjing (100 meters to the right of the North Gate of Hongshan Zoo)
**Transportation:** Get off at Hongshan Zoo Station on Metro Line 1; take buses 30, 8, 64, 54, 72, 77, Yuge Line, or Nanzhou Line and get off at Dongjingting Station.
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**Yangzhou Armed Police Force Hospital's Anorectal Center**
- Website: [http://www.yzwjyy.com](http://www.yzwjyy.com)
**Consultation Phone:** 0514-87218120
**Consultation QQ:** 997287111
**Hospital Address:** No. 8 Jiangdu South Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province
**Transportation:** Take buses 4, 19, 25, 26, 26 Late Night, 66, 66 Late Night, 101, 102, 201, 208, or 209 in Yangzhou City and get off at Armed Police Hospital Station.
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