Experts from the Nanjing Armed Police Hospital's Anorectal Center introduced that an anal fissure is a rupture of the anal canal skin below the dentate line, forming a rhombic crack or ulcer. Anal fissures are a common anorectal disease, often occurring in young and middle-aged adults, children can also be affected, but it is less common in the elderly.
Anal fissures commonly occur at the anterior or posterior midline of the anus, with the posterior part being more frequent and the sides being less common. In the initial stage, there is only a small crack on the anal canal skin, sometimes it can split to the subcutaneous tissue or even to the superficial layer of the sphincter muscle. The crack is linear or rhombic, and when the anus is spread open, the wound appears circular or elliptical.
Principles of treatment for anal fissures:
1. Maintain smooth bowel movements and prevent constipation: Eat more vegetables and fruits, increase water intake, and correct constipation. Oral laxatives or paraffin oil can be taken to soften and lubricate the stool for easier defecation.
2. Local sitz bath: Use hot water or potassium permanganate warm water sitz bath, temperature 40°C-50°C (2-3 times daily, each time 20-30 minutes). Warm water sitz baths can relax the anal sphincter muscle, improve local blood circulation, promote inflammation absorption, reduce pain, and clean the area to aid wound healing. After the sitz bath, anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving drugs can be applied externally to alleviate symptoms.
3. Block therapy: For severe pain, inject 1%-2% procaine at the base of the anal fissure and into the two sides of the anal sphincter muscle to relieve sphincter spasm and relieve pain.
4. Anal canal dilation: Suitable for acute or chronic anal fissures without complications such as papillary hypertrophy or sentinel hemorrhoids. Under local or sacral anesthesia, use fingers to dilate the anal canal to relieve anal sphincter spasm and achieve pain relief.
5. Surgical treatment: For chronic anal fissures that have not healed for a long time and where non-surgical treatments are ineffective, surgical treatment can be used. Remove the anal fissure and surrounding diseased tissues completely, making it a fresh wound for healing.
The Nanjing Armed Police Hospital's Anorectal Center has invested in introducing the American HCPT minimally invasive painless technology. The HCPT minimally invasive painless technology incorporates high-tech features. The most significant feature of the HCPT minimally invasive painless surgery system is that patients do not bleed during surgery and experience minimal pain. Combined with clinical experience, the newly developed next-generation American HCPT electrocoagulation and electrocautery device suitable for anorectal diseases consists of a diagnostic system, treatment system, computer case management system, fiberoptic colonoscope, and digital camera system.
The HCPT minimally invasive painless technology has self-diagnostic and fault alarm functions upon startup. The most significant feature of the treatment system is that patients do not bleed during surgery and experience minimal pain. It avoids sequelae and complications and prevents recurrence.
Experts from the Nanjing Armed Police Hospital's Anorectal Center remind that in daily life, one should avoid prolonged standing or sitting habits. Appropriate exercise should be added. Drink a glass of warm salt water every morning to promote intestinal peristalsis. Prevention is the ultimate principle for treating anal fissures.
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[Nanjing Armed Police Hospital Anorectal Center](http://www.njgcyy.net/)
[Nanjing Armed Police Hospital Anorectal Center](http://www.jswjyy.com/)
[Nanjing Armed Police Hospital Anorectal Center](http://www.wjgc.net/)
Consultation phone: 025-85500079 Consultation QQ: 997287111
Hospital address: No. 256 Heyan Road, Nanjing (100 meters to the right of the north gate of Hongshan Zoo)
Transportation: Get off at Hongshan Zoo Station on Metro Line 1; take bus routes 30, 8, 64, 54, 72, 77, Yuge Line, Nanzhou Line, and get off at Dongjingting Station;
[Yangzhou Armed Police Hospital Anorectal Center](http://www.yzwjyy.com/)
Consultation phone: 0514-87218120 Consultation QQ: 997287111
Hospital address: No. 8 Jiangdu South Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province
Transportation: Take buses 4, 19, 25, 26, 26 evening, 66, 66 evening, 101, 102, 201, 208, 209 in Yangzhou City and get off at Armed Police Hospital Station;
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