First, let's assume that a Chinese person earns 1000 yuan RMB, which is a relatively low income in cities like Beijing and Shanghai. We also assume that a European earns exactly 1000 euros, which is roughly the lower level of income in Western European developed countries (for example, the officially mandated minimum after-tax income in France is 1080 euros). OK, now let's make a comparison.
1. Housing: In China, if a person's income is 1000 yuan RMB, then in cities like Beijing or Shanghai, they would have to spend at least 400 yuan to rent a poorly located, poor environment, and not-so-good quality simple room. In many European cities, renting a place to live would cost around 400 euros for the cheapest house. However, because most European cities are not very large, even a 400-euro rental would not be too far from the city center. Moreover, in Europe, the older downtown areas (especially those with poorer environments) are often cheaper, while the suburban areas tend to have more luxury residences. So, without considering the quality of housing and environment, we can say that in terms of housing, it's a tie. (In reality, in cities like Beijing and Shanghai, if one's salary is 1000 yuan, they would likely be provided with company-arranged dormitories.)
2. Food: In China, assuming a person earns 1000 yuan per month, they would mostly eat noodles or rice bowls. In cities like Beijing and Shanghai, the cheapest meal would cost about 5 yuan. In most places in Europe, the cheapest fast food is Turkish kebabs (bread or flatbread with various vegetables and meat), which costs about 4 euros, but you can only eat it standing up or while walking. Considering that Turkish kebabs do have meat and a decent amount of it, we are slightly inferior in the basic food aspect. If we use McDonald's as a reference, the price gap might be even larger. In Europe, a Big Mac meal is about 7 euros, while in China, it is around 21 yuan. Therefore, McDonald's in Europe is almost like a cafeteria for the poor. If we compare birthday cakes, China is somewhat excessively expensive compared to Europe - an eight-inch cream birthday cake in Europe generally costs less than 15 euros, whereas in China, it costs around 100 yuan.
3. Clothing: In Beijing, cheap clothing is easy to find. A pair of pants or a general-quality shirt can be bought for about 50 yuan, and if in a wholesale market, it could be even cheaper by ten to twenty yuan. What about Europe? For 50 euros, one can basically buy a full-priced Nike or Adidas item. Ordinary branded clothes in stores are mostly twenty to thirty euros, and on small stalls, a wearable pair of pants can be bought for 5 euros, and a tasteless shirt for 10 euros. In terms of clothing, the purchasing power of a 1000-yuan income in China clearly has a gap compared to Europe, but this gap isn't insurmountable. After all, China is a major clothing producer, and if one goes to an early market, they might find something wearable for around ten yuan.
4. Daily Use: In Europe, a large bottle of a famous brand shampoo generally costs only four or five yuan, and international famous brand perfumes are mostly priced between 30 to 60 euros, while world-class cosmetics are around 100 euros. If the higher prices of perfumes and cosmetics sold domestically in China due to import tariffs are understandable, then local Chinese shampoos costing thirty to forty yuan RMB seems somewhat unfair.
5. Transportation: In Beijing, no matter how much income one has, the cost of a subway ride is two yuan, while in Europe, it is generally over one euro. However, with a magnetic card, a bus ride only costs 0.4 yuan, which is cheaper than in Europe (relatively speaking, Shanghai is more expensive than Europe; in Vienna, spending 5 euros allows unlimited rides on public transport for a day). However, when it comes to trains and planes, our gap with them is significant. For instance, traveling from Paris to Toulouse in southern France, one can buy a sleeper ticket for 80 euros, allowing overnight travel to arrive in the morning. For approximately the same distance in China, it would cost around 200 yuan. Comfortingly, China’s sleeper carriages are not inferior to those in Europe. The biggest difference lies in air travel. Europe's budget airlines allow you to fly from Paris to Rome for 40 euros, while the same distance in China, even with special discounted tickets, requires over three hundred yuan. However, considering that China's airlines purchase fuel and planes at international prices, our relatively higher ticket prices are affected by exchange rates - a discounted ticket of over three hundred yuan is equivalent to 30 euros.
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