Not long ago, a water permeation accident occurred in Daxing Coal Mine of Xingning County, Guangdong Province, which caused the death of 123 miners. It was found that the coal mine neither had a mining license from the land and resources department nor a business license, so it was a typical case of operating without a license. The occurrence of the mine disaster has once again warned the industry and commerce department: industrial and commercial registration must be carried out strictly according to law and fulfill the corresponding regulatory responsibilities. In recent years, major safety accidents such as coal mines and public gathering places have occurred frequently, and therefore, the industry and commerce departments have been investigated and held accountable by relevant departments many times. Some industry and commerce cadres who bear direct responsibility and leadership responsibility have received administrative or even criminal punishments. These painful lessons should draw our enough attention. The industry and commerce department is the licensing authority for market entities and bears important responsibilities for economic security and social stability. Under the current situation where all levels of government advocate optimizing the economic development environment, how to strictly perform registration duties and prevent and reduce the occurrence of safety accidents is an important topic we should seriously study at present.