The first step to do a good job in water and electricity installation:
1. Must automatically seek the owner's opinion, patiently listen to the owner's requirements, determine the position of power switch, water equipment, cold and hot water taps, etc., so that the owner is satisfied before starting construction, avoid rework due to lack of sufficient communication.
2. All main materials and auxiliary materials used in water and electricity installation reform should be products certified by the state.
3. When laying strong and weak circuits and water pipelines into walls, there should be a distance of more than 500MM between them. During construction, exposed wire ends must be wrapped.
4. After the completion of water and electricity decoration, construction personnel should draw up a water and electricity renovation completion map according to the actual position and submit it to the company for archiving.
Second, Electrical Construction Standards:
1. The temporary power supply at the construction site should have complete plugs, switches, sockets, and residual current devices. Temporary electricity must use cables.
2. Power lines are divided into three colors: red for live wire, blue for neutral wire, and yellow for ground wire. All single-phase sockets should be connected as "left neutral right live center ground" or "top live bottom neutral".
3. The power supply circuits for sockets in each room, kitchen, bathroom, and bathroom should independently use residual current devices, which must be separated from other power supply circuits, and their neutral lines cannot be connected to other circuits.
4. For high-power electrical appliances such as air conditioners, dedicated power supply circuits must be set up. Air conditioners use 4M2 power lines, lighting lines use 1.5~2.5M2 power lines, all power socket power supply circuits are preferably selected with 2.5M2 power lines. Other power loads can refer to this standard.
5. All wires embedded in walls should be buried using 20 PVC flame-retardant pipes, and connected using elbows, straight joints, junction boxes, etc. There should be no joints in the pipe, and power lines should not be exposed on the ceiling or directly cemented into the wall to ensure that the power lines can be pulled or replaced.
6. In special cases, when power line pipes pass through the ground, particular attention should be paid to ensuring that the pipes are tightly connected under the ground. At the entrance and exit points of the power lines, elbows must be used. Before the floor is closed, the PVC pipes must be protected to prevent cracking or damage. When laying floor tiles, the PVC pipes should be completely covered with sand. When nailing wooden floors, power lines should be laid along the wall corners to prevent damage from nails.
7. Power lines should be laid horizontally and vertically, avoiding mirrors, shelves, furniture, etc., to prevent damage from electric hammers or nails. When burying power lines, they should maintain a distance of more than 500MM from electric heating, indoor decoration, water pipes, and weak electric pipelines.
8. Power line pipes should be pre-fixed in the wall grooves, ensuring that the pipe surface is recessed more than 13MM into the wall (wall groove depth 33MM). After testing and approval, if the power line connection is qualified, the wall should be moistened and sealed with 1:2.5 cement mortar. The sealed concrete surface should be flat and 2MM lower than the wall surface. The base box installation should be firm, and the panel surface should be flat and aligned with the wall.
9. Air conditioner power should use 16A plug sockets. Within the height reachable by children (below 1.5M), sockets with protective doors should be used. Bathrooms, washbasins, and bathrooms should use splash-proof sockets, installed at a height of no less than 1.3M, away from water sources. For convenience and comfort, bedrooms should use double-control switches, kitchen power sockets should be equipped with switches to control power on/off, and microwave ovens placed in cabinets should have switches on the wall to control power on/off.
10. Various strong and weak electric socket interfaces should rather be more than fewer. Power sockets and one telephone socket should be set on both sides of the bedhead. Near the computer desk, the living room TV cabinet background wall should have at least 3 power sockets and corresponding TV, telephone, multimedia, broadband network sockets.
11. Switches and outlets should generally be 1.2 meters above the ground, with one multi-function outlet per room. All outlets and switches should be more than 300MM above the ground, and the heights should be consistent within the same room (height difference <5MM, parallel installation height difference <1MM) and not be obstructed by sliding doors or furniture. Toggle switches should be installed consistently, with the lower end pressed to turn on and the upper end pressed to turn off. When tightening panels, matching screws should be used, and wood screws or gypsum board screws should not be substituted to avoid damaging the base box.
Metal shell lamps should have reliable grounding metal shells; the front line should be connected to the central contact piece of the screw-type lamp holder. Spotlights generate a lot of heat, so lamp holders with insulated wires coated with yellow wax tubes should be selected. After wiring, the lamp holder wires should be spread out.
The layout methods and requirements for audio, television, telephone, multimedia, and broadband network weak electric lines are the same as those for source lines (avoid strong electric lines). Their sockets or junction boxes should be installed side by side with power sockets, but strong and weak electric lines should not share the same pipe, and the distance should be more than 500MM.
Audio lines entering and exiting walls should have base boxes, located behind the speakers, with no visible wires on the wall. If not in use, the audio can be placed in the base box and covered with a panel.
If the customer has no special requirements, all telephone lines in all rooms should be connected to one number. If the building has a distribution box, the telephone lines should be connected to the distribution box. At the joint of multi-core telephone lines, the tube openings should be tightly wrapped with tape to prevent moisture in the telephone lines, which could cause cross-talk faults.
11. Quality inspection methods for strong and weak water and electricity installations: Weak electric lines should adopt the method of short-circuiting one end and measuring continuity at the other end. Power sockets should be tested for continuity using 220V lights, and the insulation strength between lines should be measured using a megohmmeter, with an inter-line insulation strength of 0.5 megohms. Telephone line joints must use dedicated joints.