The synthesis and hypoglycemic activity of sulfonyl amino thiourea and sulfonyl amino cyanogen guanidine compounds were studied using erglycemic mice induced by alloxan (n = 8). Findings show that most of the compounds exhibit varying degrees of hypoglycemic activity. After drug administration, more than 30% reduction in blood glucose concentration was observed in seven compounds: Compound I (51.11%), II (40.08%), III (39.37%), IV (36.66%), V (31.34%), VI (30.67%), and VII (30.04%).
The description of the structural transformation from sulfonylurea into sulfonyl thiosemicarbazide and sulfonyl amino guanidine cyanogens shows partial retention of hypoglycemic activity. Among these, Compounds I and II exhibit better hypoglycemic activity and warrant further experimentation. From the structure analysis of the compounds, fatty amine substituted compounds generally display higher activity compared to those with substituted aromatic amines. In the sulfonamido thiourea compounds, when there is a hydrocarbyl substituent at position 3, butyl-substituted compounds exhibit the strongest hypoglycemic activity; however, when phenyl or benzyl groups are present at position 3, almost no hypoglycemic activity is observed.
In the sulfonyl amino cyanogen guanidine compounds, higher alkyl substituted derivatives at position 3 exhibit greater activity compared to lower alkyl substituted derivatives, with octyl being the strongest substituent for hypoglycemic activity.
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