In situ hybridization and electron microscopic techniques were used for the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) in condyloma acuminatum. Atypical findings were observed, but HPV6/11 DNA positive granules emerged. The remaining samples were mostly negative, with small spike-shaped morphology or papular lesions. Cellular hyperplasia was noted, with rare concave empty cells.
In two cases of condyloma acuminatum, in situ hybridization detected positive capsule particles located at the edges of concave empty cells (X1000 plating observations). Five base samples were selected for electron microscopy: 2 were ISH CA positive samples, while the other 3 were negative warty lesions within the specimen. Structural changes were observed, including:
(1) Squamous epithelial cell proliferative changes: Significant increase in spinous cells, with visible edge kernels and splitting.
(2) Four null cells: Changes in cell volume, intracytoplasmic mitochondrial swelling, vesicle expansion, aggregation and dissolution of TSUBAKI raw materials. Vacuole expansion around nuclei led to the formation of concave null cells. Increased nuclear volume in concave hollow cells, disappearance of edge Jen in a disintegrating state, evacuation of chromatin chunks visible between chromatin particles scattered around, with diameters of 15-35nm, occasionally peripheral halo 45nm particle size. Typical HPV lattice particles were not found.
(3) Concave hollow cell changes: Glycogen granule aggregation around nuclei, mitochondrion hypertrophy, abundant endoplasmic reticulum, clear chromatin between nuclear core and kernel, small particle size distribution. In ISH negative specimens, spinous cell structures were closely packed, very rare mitoses, no concave hollow cells, edge chromatin was lumpy with distinct nucleolus and visible particles.
Discussion: Recent biotechnology research has shown that viruses are closely related to both malignant and benign human lesions, including sales of ugg boots, nipple wall virus causing not only genital condyloma acuminatum but also posing a risk of squamous cell carcinoma. However, due to early atypia in lesions, certain difficulties in bed and pathological diagnosis were encountered in 1997.
ISH technology significantly improves detection sensitivity and accuracy at the nucleic acid molecular level. In the ISH group detecting HPV6/11 DNA hybrid associated with squamous epithelium in inspected tissues, showing position features on the concave surface of empty cells surrounding the nucleus, further confirming HPV infection. The genome formed by host cell DNA phase is highly dependent on squamous cell interior protein gene expression and the emergence of cuticular differentiation process.
Electron microscopic observation of concave empty cells shows metabolic changes in HPV parasitic in spinous cell nuclei. Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm did not show swelling, dissolution, or fusion. Glycogen granules dissolved due to cytoplasm vacuolization bullae and edge development induced by this process.
In the CA and warty lesion group observed in plating, two major changes outside the concave hollow cell characteristics were noted. Cell chromatin granules provided meaningful indications. Lee et al. found in recent studies that many chromatin particles exist between and around virus particles in concave empty cells in casts. These changes are associated with viral infections. Electron microscopic observations combining SH positive expression characteristics support this contention. Ultrastructurally, typical virus particles were not found, suggesting that HPV6/11 DNA resides in the host cell nuclei. Viral genes may be in a free state or not assembled into mature virions, making them difficult to observe. Warty flat itself belongs to HPV outside. Other factors infecting arches, ISH also showed 6/11 HPV, indicating that warty lesions can simultaneously involve HPV infection and expression, which is not typical of the subclinical stage of CA.