If the expenditures of these projects could be made known to the public, obviously most of the procurements would be forced to cancel under tremendous pressure. But in the situation of an opaque budget, all of these huge wastes can only be known through media journalists' subsequent "muckraking". On the budget disclosure section of the Railway Ministry's website, there are only extremely rough descriptions for expenditures amounting to hundreds of millions of yuan. In the 2010 final accounts, all expenditures of the Railway Ministry were divided into 15 items, and the 11th item involved railway investment: [www.mystseo.com Shantou SEO Chaozhou SEO Jieyang SEO Shantou Internet company Shantou website promotion Chaozhou website promotion Jieyang website promotion Shantou SEO network company Chaozhou SEO network company Jieyang SEO network company Shantou SEO website promotion Chaozhou SEO website promotion Jieyang SEO website promotion Shantou website optimization Baidu keyword ranking optimization Google keyword ranking optimization] "Transportation (expenditure) 137.98869 billion yuan, used for railway construction expenditure; railway transport safety supervision expenditure; administrative personnel expenses and daily operation expenditure of the Railway Ministry's agencies and public institutions other than archives, education, culture, sports, and media." These few dozen words disclosed the destination of 13.8 billion yuan. The wiper priced at 330,000 yuan is a product of Germany's Knorr-Bremse, which supplies CRRC Corporation Limited together with Siemens. Another imported electric wiper supplied by Changchun Longtai Mechatronics Equipment Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Longtai) on behalf of LI costs only five or six hundred thousand yuan, mainly supplying CRSC Corporation Limited. Due to the difference between pneumatic and electric systems and different interfaces, Siemens EMUs have to be equipped with expensive pneumatic wipers. By comparison, the rapid decline in metro construction costs is much faster. Currently, the price of a metro car is about 6 to 8 million yuan, a significant decrease compared to the 130 ten thousand US dollars a decade ago. This is due to competition; on one hand, the owners are local metro companies that conduct open bidding; on the other hand, the competition, even internal competition, among the six main factories of CRRC Corporation Limited and CRSC Corporation Limited (each factory has three working on metro cars) is very intense, giving the main factories enough motivation to reduce costs. cang.baidu.com - An automatic face washer costs more than 70,000 yuan; the automatic induction water valve available on the market for hundreds or thousands of yuan costs 10,000 yuan on the train; the overall bathroom of high-speed rail trains was purchased by CRSC Corporation Limited for 300,000 yuan, while CRRC Corporation Limited purchased it for 1.2 million yuan; Qingdao Chengguang monopolized the supply of LCD TVs for CRH2 EMUs, [Mingyou Jingchun Optimization Room QQ contact 466401604 www dot mystseo dot com 7595425410 product keywords guarantee 4 on Baidu's homepage eight thousand per year send a website! 13422475786] its tax-included selling price for 15-inch LCD TVs and solid-state LCD TVs was 13,472.99 yuan, more than twice the market price... While in the railway system, although CRRC Corporation Limited and CRSC Corporation Limited have been listed companies for a long time, they only have one owner, the Railway Ministry, and thus follow the Railway Ministry's lead, thereby forming a high-speed rail supply chain with high prices and intricate interest relationships. Xsolaoyo: Because the budget is incomprehensible, many components and even materials of EMUs still need to be procured from foreign products, as domestic materials cannot meet technical requirements, and some must use imported foreign raw materials. For example, Japanese film in the interior decoration field costs 400 yuan per square meter, as only it can meet the flame retardancy standard of EMUs. The inflation rubber strip of the CRH2 type driver's cab door, which mainly serves as a closure function, has technical content and costs tens of thousands of yuan when imported from Japan. Domestic ones cost thousands of yuan, and the cost can also be reduced, but the quality is not as good as imported products. A relevant person from Longtai said that in 2010, CRSC Corporation Limited produced eight short-formation EMUs using Knorr-Bremse, but later mainly used Longtai's products for sixteen long-formation EMUs. Since 2005, a batch of high-speed rail suppliers like Ding Shumiao have emerged in places like Beijing, Qingdao, Changzhou, Wuxi, and Shanghai. Many of them have no relevant professional background, www.melamine-ware.com melamine, but entered fields such as seats, bathrooms, cold cabinets, air conditioners, and vacuum toilets through joint ventures with foreign capital, becoming monopolists in the high-speed rail supply chain and squeezing out other old-established suppliers. As listed companies, CRRC Corporation Limited and CRSC Corporation Limited had a combined gross profit margin of only 17% and 13% in 2010, while the real profits went to those related suppliers and the stakeholders behind them. Among these companies, some are because their bosses or shareholders have family ties with high-ranking officials in the railway system or other fields, while others became proxies for high-ranking officials in the Railway Ministry after efforts. There are not a few enterprises among them that worked hard in the industry and achieved small successes after years of effort, but there are also quite a number that entered solely based on connections, lacking R&D and production capabilities, merely profiting from reselling products and technologies, yet supported by high-level connections, making it impossible for the main factories to replace them, forcing truly technological enterprises to depend on these companies to enter the high-speed rail industry. Xsolaoyo: Technical Monopoly Domestic enterprises introducing foreign technology will increase costs due to high technology introduction fees. Such technology introductions can be either one-time buyouts or sales-based technology usage fee extractions, besides custom products including mold development, technical training fees, etc., which may exceed 10% of the selling price when calculated altogether, Chaozhou website promotion. It is also common for foreign capital to bundle bids, such as Siemens bringing in some suppliers from abroad, even specifying certain brands of components during technology transfer. A person familiar with the quality control of the main factory cited the Beijing-Tianjin intercity railway as an example, saying that if Changchun Railway Vehicles won the bid, there would be many "point installations" specified in the hundreds of pages of tender documents regarding components, for instance, if the vehicle uses Siemens technology, many component suppliers such as brakes, vacuum toilets, and wipers might be designated. These suppliers participate from the design stage, so the main factory cannot change them. "A wiper is equivalent to a BMW car." During interviews, Caijing New Century reporters heard similar sighs from insiders more than once. Moreover, in the passenger car procurement bidding of the Railway Ministry, the tender documents sometimes directly specify certain component suppliers and provide reasons, which are usually technical. All this originates from the unfathomable bidding and tendering system of the Railway Ministry, where the originally existing approval and certification processes have almost been abandoned due to the excessive power of the Railway Ministry's EMU Project Joint Office (hereinafter referred to as the Moving Union Office), and the Railway Ministry's equipment department either sends telegrams or gives oral notifications to designate assembly. Despite being heavily indebted, the Railway Ministry also faces pressure to reduce costs, such as proposing a 75% domestication rate and an annual cost reduction target of 10%, but due to the presence of numerous relationship-based monopolistic enterprises in the entire high-speed rail supply chain, prices cannot be cut down. From 2006 when China began producing EMUs until now, the total cost of CRH2 type EMUs has only decreased by 10% to 20%, while the CRH380, due to further increased speed, has a higher cost. Xsolaoyo: Who Controls the Price of EMUs? An insider from a main factory said that products designated by the Railway Ministry often come at high prices, and these products can be divided into two categories, Google, one being formally documented, mainly some technically demanding products, such as nine key technologies and ten supporting technologies, whose high prices are relatively reasonable; the other category consists of orally designated products, these enterprises are mostly connected individuals, their products lack technical content, and their prices are exorbitantly high. This dichotomy is acknowledged by people from multiple main factories such as Tangshan, Changchun Railway Vehicles, and Sifang. The rise of these enterprises comes from the "point installation" of the Railway Ministry, first by designating them to form joint ventures with foreign businesses, secondly by designating the main factories to assemble. Their marketing relies on relationships, and their technology and brand rely on the endorsement of foreign capital, thereby resulting in some absurdly high procurement prices for EMUs, such as the overall bathrooms costing hundreds of thousands or even millions of yuan, and seats costing tens of thousands of yuan, described by insiders as "predatory monopolies." Related theme articles: MuckrakingCPP flow延膜 website appearing prominently in search results can make customers trust the website more" but also includes other cost-effective Android smartphones High-speed rail train overall bathroom 4-1, Site Map Production