With the process and the laws of science:
1. Two ecological factors: refers to all environmental factors that have a direct or indirect impact on biological growth, development, reproduction, behavior, and distribution.
2. Long-day plants: Plants that need a certain period of time for growth and development. If the daylight hours exceed a certain limit (14 hours), flower buds will form. The longer the daylight, the earlier the flowering occurs. Plants with this characteristic are known as long-day plants.
3. Ecological Garden: Based on ecological theory, it is the transformation of natural ecosystems into artificial ones, creating a new garden ecosystem that is more natural.
4. Fertility: Refers to the soil's capacity in the process of plant growth to regulate and supply water, gas, heat, and fertilizer materials and energy required by plants.
5. Niche: Refers to the position and function of a species in the ecosystem over time and space, including reactions between species and the relationship between species and the environment.
6. Light pollution: Radiation exceeding the normal life-bearing index of various biological activities, affecting the survival and normal development of humans and other organisms.
7. Light cycle phenomenon: Regular changes in day length during plant growth and development, which is called the plant’s light cycle phenomenon.
8. Solar spectrum: The arrangement of solar radiation wavelengths forms a solar spectrum.
9. Solar radiation: The sun transfers energy in the form of electromagnetic waves to its surroundings.
10. Accumulated temperature: Plants need to reach a certain temperature to start growth and development and also require a certain sum of temperatures to complete their life cycles.
11. Effective temperature: Refers to the cumulative sum of effective temperatures needed during the period of plant growth and development or to complete an entire stage of growth and development.
12. Vernalization phenomena: Temperature has a significant influence on plant development, and some flowering plants require exposure to low temperatures for a period before flowering, known as vernalization phenomena.
13. Vernalization: Some plants in their growth process require exposure to low temperatures for a period to flower and fruit.
14. Relative humidity: The percentage of vapor pressure in the air compared to saturated vapor pressure.
15. Air Pollution: Generally refers to substances entering the atmosphere due to human activities and natural processes, reaching sufficient concentrations over sufficient times to endanger human comfort, health, or the environment.
16. Field capacity: Refers to the maximum amount of capillary water in the soil, representing the soil water content.
17. Soil moisture: Water present in the gaps of the soil and adsorbed on the surface of soil particles.
18. Soil texture: Classification of soil based on the percentage combination of particle sizes and the resulting characteristics.
19. Soil structure: The arrangement of soil particles in forms or mutual adhesion.
20. Populations: The total number of individuals of a species occupying a particular area.
21. Communities: A regular combination of various biological populations directly or indirectly related, with complex relationships between species.
22. Eco-system: Refers to the functional system formed by biological and abiotic components within a certain space through material circulation and energy flow, interacting and depending on each other.
23. Ecological sites: The range of adaptation of ecological factors for each species.
24. Population density: The number of individuals within a population per unit area or volume, representing the size of the population.
25. Biodiversity: The complex diversity and resource variability of living organisms and their survival.
26. Eutrophication: Refers to excessive nutrients like NPK in water, leading to the overgrowth of phytoplankton in water bodies.
27. Ecological balance: The stable state reached by an ecosystem through development and regulation, including structural, functional, and energy input-output stability.
28. Shelter: Maintaining water and soil, fixing sand, conserving water, regulating climate, reducing pollution from natural forests and plantations, aimed at preventing natural disasters, maintaining infrastructure, protecting production, improving the environment, and maintaining ecological balance.
Fill in the blank:
1. Ecological factors can be divided into biological and non-biological factors, where the former includes same-species and different-species organisms; the latter includes climate, soil, and topography.
2. Commonly used ecological research methods include biological experiments, chemical analysis, and computer simulation.
3. The ecological role of plant factors can be divided into spectral composition of light, light intensity, and duration of sunshine.
4. According to the survival of plants under different light intensities, plants can be divided into high-light plants, shade plants, and intermediate plants.
5. Plant growth involves three temperature points: maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and optimal temperature.
6. Regulating two temperature indicators—duration of low temperature and diurnal temperature difference—can increase plant yield and quality.
7. In urban areas, windbreaks can have closed structures, sparse structures, and ventilated structures.
8. According to the water environment characteristics, plants can be divided into aquatic and terrestrial plants. Aquatic plants can further be divided into submerged plants, floating plants, and emergent plants. Terrestrial plants can be classified into wetland plants and xerophytes based on their adaptation to land environments.
9. An ecological system is composed of producers, decomposers, consumers, and non-biological ingredients.
10. Garden plants emphasize the ecological principle of plant diversity, reasonable dense layout, avoiding single groups, paying attention to different shapes and colors of landscape plants, and integrating garden plants with culture and environment.
11. Spectral composition, light intensity, and sunshine duration play important ecological roles for all plants.
12. Visible light with the greatest activity in the physiological activities of plants is orange-red, followed by blue light.
13. According to different responses to light cycles, garden plants can be divided into long-day plants, short-day plants, and neutral plants.
14. Ways to improve energy efficiency: increasing photosynthetic capacity, expanding the photosynthetic area, and extending the photoperiod.
15. Arid types: atmospheric drought, soil drought, physiological drought.
16. Garden animals include garden plants, garden animals, and garden microorganisms.
17. Regulation includes enzyme formation and enzyme activity.
18. Methods to determine plant resistance to air pollution: field investigation, fixed-point comparison cultivation method, artificial fumigation method.
19. Soil structure: aggregate structure, non-granular structure (massive, columnar, sheet, nuclear shape, etc.).
20. Biodiversity includes genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity.
Related thematic articles:
- Dry places rain
- Water conservation
- Skin care network
- Weight loss, breast care
- First cleanser articles