How to understand semen analysis indicators? How to read the semen analysis report? Expert in sperm and egg introduces semen examination indicators and how to read the semen analysis report.
How to read the semen analysis report? Can you understand these indicators of semen examination? For male infertility patients who come to the outpatient clinic for treatment, doctors always advise them to do a routine semen analysis to judge the quality of semen. After the semen report comes out, you might as well take a look at it yourself. Below, Sperm Egg Network will introduce to everyone how to read the semen analysis report, hoping that it will be helpful to you.
The semen of normal people is milky white, grayish white or slightly yellow when it is just ejaculated, and it will become translucent after being placed at room temperature for 5-10 minutes. If there has been no sexual activity for a long time or the interval between two ejaculations is too long, the color of the semen may be more yellow, which is a normal situation.
If the color of the semen turns yellow-green or becomes pus-like, it indicates inflammation of the reproductive tract or accessory sex glands due to the presence of white blood cells in the semen. There are almost no white blood cells in normal semen, and if there are many white blood cells or even clusters, it suggests an infection of the reproductive tract.
Blood threads, blood clots, or red coloration in the semen is called hematospermia. It suggests possible seminal vesiculitis or prostatitis.
The semen is viscous liquid just after ejaculation and soon coagulates into a gel-like state due to the action of the coagulation enzyme secreted by the seminal vesicles. Then, due to the action of the liquefaction enzyme contained in the prostate secretion, the semen liquefies within 5-20 minutes. If it does not liquefy within half an hour, it is called semen non-liquefaction syndrome. With this condition, since the sperms are confined in the gel and cannot move freely, it naturally affects the vitality of the sperms and fertility.
On the semen test report, the acidity and alkalinity are often expressed by pH. The pH value of normal people should be around 7.2-8.0. If it exceeds 8.0, it is too alkaline, which may indicate inflammation of the prostate or seminal vesicles, or because the semen has been waiting for too long; if the pH is lower than 7, it is too acidic, which is a signal of seminal duct obstruction and congenital absence of seminal vesicle gland, or it may also be caused by contamination of semen with urine or vaginal secretions.
As for sperm density, it is calculated by the number of sperms contained in each milliliter of semen. Usually, each milliliter of semen should contain about 20 million to 60 million sperms. If it is less than 20 million, it is called oligospermia; more than 250 million per milliliter is called excessive sperm. A low number of sperms with low density reduces the chance of conception, possibly leading to infertility. Excessive sperm can affect sperm movement due to overcrowding and may cause miscarriage after conception.
The motility of sperm is usually divided into four levels: Grade A for fast straight forward moving sperm, Grade B for slow or indeterminate forward motion sperm (premature ejaculation), Grade C for non-forward motion sperm (spinning in place), and Grade D for inactive dead sperm. Normally, A+B should be greater than 50%, or A alone should be greater than 25%. Some grassroots hospitals use three rough grades - "poor", "average", "good" - but the essence is similar: the higher the percentage of better active sperms, the greater the possibility of conception.
In medicine, semen with sperm motility that does not reach the normal standard is called asthenozoospermia.
Sperm survival rate refers to the percentage of normally surviving sperms within a certain period of time after ejaculation. Usually, within one hour after ejaculation, the normally surviving sperms should account for more than 70%. If the dead sperms exceed 50%, it will be difficult to conceive. The sperm survival time should maintain a survival rate of more than 20% for six hours. If there are no surviving sperms within six hours, it is likely to cause infertility.
Sperm malformation rate refers to the percentage of abnormal "defective" sperms among the total number of sperms, generally not exceeding 20%-30%. If it exceeds this number, it will affect fertility.
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