Medical disputes, whose fault is it? Correct, but due to negligence during the operation causing spinal cord softening twice should be considered as accidents. And the operators are either teachers or classmates, should we pursue the responsibility of hospitals and doctors? They are indeed all conscientious medical institutions. The situation is special, medical activities are ever-changing, and the circumstances of medical harm are also very complex. The occurrence of disputes has obvious social or era backgrounds. Different understandings of medical work are also reasons for disputes. For example, after the first successful report of amputated hands or fingers in our country, disputes over limb amputation, finger amputation, and toe surgery have significantly increased. In daily work, many medical disputes occur because patients blindly believe unreliable rumors from leaders or non-professional medical personnel, leading to incorrect perceptions. Disputes caused by personal interests and needs are also quite common. For example, in times of busy emergency work, disputes can easily arise when there is a scramble for priority treatment opportunities. The occurrence of disputes may be caused by single-sided factors. From the perspective of doctors and hospitals, lack of professional expertise, improper operation leading to misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis, wrong treatment, and causing medical accidents; poor hospital management, some medical staff being careless and lacking responsibility, seriously violating operating procedures, causing unnecessary medical accidents to patients; certain medicines and medical devices having no quality guarantee, leading to worsening patient conditions, disability, or even death, or infection with pathogens during blood transfusions or intravenous infusions; doctors not understanding the development of the condition, etc., are causes of accidents and disputes. On the other hand, if the patient side unreasonably causes trouble and imposes unreasonable demands on medical personnel that cannot be met, they may create disputes by claiming poor service attitudes. Disputes may also be jointly caused by both sides. Such as misunderstandings from patients and unclear explanations from medical personnel leading to disputes. Disputes often first manifest as latent differences and dissatisfaction, ultimately requiring so-called "triggering factors" for an outburst. For example, some patients who are dissatisfied with treatment at other hospitals, long waiting times for registration and consultation, or violations of hospital rules receiving warnings, have already developed resentment or dissatisfaction. A slight mishandling by the attending doctor could trigger a dispute. There are distinctions in the severity of disputes. The interaction between doctors and patients is based on diagnosis and treatment opportunities. Often occurring without adequate preparation, the vast majority of disputes can naturally resolve themselves. Of course, some disputes are caused by serious issues and cannot be resolved by the parties involved. Disputes are influenced by the surrounding environment. A quiet, harmonious, and orderly environment; medical personnel behaving with dignity and kindness; patients and accompanying individuals behaving appropriately, can relax tense moods. Moreover, the environment can influence bystanders' psychology, affecting the situation's development through persuasion, support, sympathy, or anger. The circumstances of disputes are quite complicated. Medical personnel, as one party involved, find it difficult to avoid disputes in the face of a complex society. There must be an awareness of preventing disputes, researching disputes, and preventing their occurrence. Being warm-hearted, conscientious, and meticulous about work is essential. However, good intentions do not always lead to good results; no one is perfect. It is necessary to distinguish between accidental injuries and those caused by a few medical personnel being irresponsible, negligent, and violating diagnostic and nursing regulations and technical operating procedures. In medical dispute cases, there are also extremely rare instances where people make trouble without cause, unreasonably causing disturbances, pursuing unjustified benefits, and even disrupting the normal order of hospitals, endangering others' personal safety. All these actions are detrimental to protecting the interests of both doctors and patients and hinder the healthy development of the health care industry. In recent years, many medical institutions have been troubled by medical disputes, some even affecting the normal operations of hospitals. Due to inadequate medical protection, many medical personnel experience psychological instability, dare not boldly implement normal medical measures, fearing risks, which undermines the enthusiasm and creativity of medical personnel in saving lives and healing the wounded. This is highly unfavorable for the development of China's medical industry. Hospitals are public welfare units with the sacred mission of improving population quality and protecting the health of the masses. According to China's national conditions, a low-fee system subsidized by the state treasury is currently adopted. Therefore, strengthening medical protection is a requirement of the entire society. In response to the current inadequacies in medical protection, many wise individuals have called out "save the doctors." Many insightful individuals have suggested revising and improving the health legal system, enhancing the legal level of the "Medical Accident Handling Measures," making it a specialized law for adjusting medical disputes. Medical disputes, whose fault is it? Our Contemporary Medicine magazine once again raises this question to the whole society, calling for calm reflection. Sympathy for the weak is human nature, but our doctors also need the support and care of society. Currently, hospitals are also facing difficulties, and doctors are under significant pressure. Articles should be edited responsibly by Li Peng. Indeed, the vast majority of medical personnel possess the noble spirit of saving lives and healing the wounded.