Jilin, Tianjin, Heilongjiang Golden-headed Centipede Breeding
Nongke惠民 Breeding Farm specializes in the breeding of golden-headed centipedes and feed yellow mealworms, integrating breeding, sales, and product recovery into a large-scale farm. Practical and trustworthy, allowing a wide range of customers to breed golden-headed centipedes and feed yellow mealworms with the least investment for the greatest return.
Supported by Huazhong Agricultural University: The key university under the national "211 Project" - Huazhong Agricultural University, jointly studied with Wuhan Nongke惠民 Bioengineering Co., Ltd., committed to scientific farming and technological enrichment of centipede breeding techniques:惠民 No. 2 Golden-headed Centipede.
Advanced Technical Advantages: Wuhan Nongke惠民 Bioengineering Co., Ltd., together with multiple biological experts and professors of bioengineering from Huazhong Agricultural University, through years of breeding observation, has used advanced purification technology and biological genetic improvement engineering to cultivate a new generation of breeds -惠民 No. 2 Golden-headed Centipede. After observation, this breed is simple to raise, gentle in nature, strong in adaptability, fast-growing, highly reproductive, better medicinal value, and more significant economic value, making it an ideal investment breeding project for many friends in the breeding industry.
Complete Breeding Facilities: The company leverages its agricultural science advantages, characterized by life sciences, relying on experts and scholars from the College of Animal Science and Technology, focusing on modern bioengineering, special breeding, and insect resource development, integrating research, reproduction, teaching, promotion, technical services, production, sales, import and export trade into a high-tech enterprise. It owns large ecological breeding areas, sunroom breeding areas, greenhouse breeding areas, and is divided into technical training centers, seedling cultivation centers, germplasm rooms, incubation rooms, gene transformation rooms, etc., with excellent foundations and complete systems.
Wuhan Nongke惠民 Company: Inheriting the tradition of "diligent reading and hard work, self-establishment and helping others," our company takes "scientific farming" as its mission, and promotes the industrial development of centipede resources with the business philosophy of "integrity, dedication, practicality, innovation, and win-win." We will be dedicated to providing higher quality and high-yield seedlings, more advanced technologies, and more perfect services for our fellow farmers, let's keep pace with the times and create a brighter future together.
Wuhan Nongke惠民 Centipede Breeding Official Website: hm9188.com/index1.asp
Consultation: 027-87672386 or 87672385 Teacher Yu, add QQ for detailed understanding: 1229441013
Teacher Guo: 1 5 5 2 7 8 2 6 1 5 8
Hubei Nongke惠民 Centipede Breeding Base Address: Room 318, Tianhui Building, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City
1. Introduction to Several Main Breeding Methods
Currently, the main breeding methods for centipedes include box breeding, jar breeding, and pool breeding. Regardless of which method, they are all based on the biological characteristics of centipedes, designed according to one's own economic conditions and business goals. Below is an introduction to these breeding methods:
1. Box Breeding Method
(1) Box Making. A simple way to make the box is to use fiberboard plus 1.5 cm thick wooden strips nailed into a box measuring 100 cm long, 40 cm wide, and 50 cm high. The top cover does not use fiberboard but uses square mesh window screens, which is both ventilated and prevents escape. Another method is: first nail a shallow wooden trough that is 20-30 cm high, 30-40 cm wide, and length adjustable, with small wooden strips about 10 cm long erected at the four corners and middle of the upper edge of the groove. Then, use specially meshed gauze to surround these small wooden strips above the wooden groove and nail a mosquito net-like cover. Multiple operation doors are left on the side of the cover facing the operation area. Place several such wooden grooves on multi-layer wooden racks of matching length to form a three-dimensional multi-layer breeding tank, saving space, fully utilizing the area of the breeding shed, and facilitating ventilation in the centipede habitat. Additionally, due to the moisture-absorbing effect of wood, it helps maintain the humidity of the breeding soil. This structure is particularly suitable for winter greenhouse breeding.
(2) Piling of Breeding Soil and Internal Layout. The thickness of the breeding soil in the box breeding method is approximately 10 cm. At the same time, each breeding box is equipped with several curved tiles. Wash the tiles and soak them with water, then stack 4-5 tiles around the inner walls of the box, placing sponge strips about 2 cm thick between each layer for the centipedes to rest. Do not place tiles in the center of the box; this is where the centipedes eat and move around.
Advantages of this breeding method: Simple equipment construction, convenient layout, great flexibility, saves space, and can be moved. Disadvantage: Difficult to maintain stable humidity in the breeding soil, greatly affected by the environment, difficult to maintain the most suitable ecological environment for centipedes, only suitable for breeding commercial centipedes.
2. Jar Breeding Method
The jars used for breeding centipedes can be made of glass or earthenware. The volume of the jar should neither be too large nor too small, generally with a bottom diameter of about 50 cm and a height of around 30 cm. First, lay a layer of coarse gravel at the bottom of the jar, then lay a layer of breeding soil about 10 cm thick on the gravel, and stack curved tiles along the edge of the inner wall of the jar. Leave an open space in the middle for the centipedes to move and eat. There is no limit to the thickness of the stacked tiles, but the upper surface of the top tile should be about 10-15 cm below the rim of the jar. Between layers of stacked tiles, place sponge strips about 2 cm thick, and cover the jar opening with a gauze net to prevent centipedes from escaping.
For those who plan to develop centipede breeding in the long term, the jar breeding method should only be a temporary measure or small-scale breeding adapted to local conditions. The jar breeding method has a major disadvantage: poor ventilation, easy accumulation of water at the bottom, prone to mold growth, causing green stiffening disease in centipedes. Special attention must be paid to controlling the temperature of the breeding soil and timely replacement of the breeding soil.
3. Pool Breeding Method
This is a method adopted by most centipede breeders. With the advancement of technology, the construction and internal layout of the pool breeding method are continuously improving. Pool breeding method is divided into indoor pool breeding and outdoor pool breeding. Outdoor pool breeding does not require building a house, is cost-effective, and makes full use of natural ecological conditions, seizing the best growth and development season of centipedes, quickly promoting the growth and reproduction of centipedes. Indoor pool breeding facilitates management, allows for artificial creation of the best ecological conditions for centipedes, extends the growing season of centipedes, shortens the non-productive hibernation period, controls natural enemies and diseases, and maximizes productivity. Indoor breeding should make use of simple housing as appropriate. But regardless of indoor or outdoor pool breeding, the construction of the pool and the internal layout are basically similar.
(1) Construction of the Pool
① Selection of Pool Location: For indoor breeding, the choice of location for the pool is not particularly important, but for outdoor breeding, it is very important. Outdoors, the location for building the centipede breeding pool should be on a sunny slope, avoiding rainwater accumulation and preventing wind during the autumn and winter seasons.
② Pool Construction: The pool for breeding centipedes is a rectangular cement structure. The size and arrangement of the pool should be reasonably laid out according to the breeding site or housing, and pools for breeding adult centipedes, young centipedes, and breeding stock should be separately constructed to avoid mutual interference leading to larger ones eating smaller ones. Build walls about 50 cm high around the pool using bricks laid sideways, and try to smooth the inner walls with cement. Embed a circle of glass 10-15 cm wide along the upper edge inside the pool, or stick 10-15 cm transparent plastic tape, smoothing the surface to keep it glossy, preventing centipedes from escaping and preventing them from climbing out using their complex abdominal legs.
③ Laying the Pool Bottom. The pool bottom can be paved with cement and smoothed, or bricks can be directly laid on the soil surface of the pool bottom, with the joints between bricks sealed with cement grout. Both have pros and cons; cement paving is relatively easy to construct, and capturing centipedes after breeding is easier, but cement paving has poor permeability, and if watering operations are not strict, it can easily cause water accumulation in the breeding soil. Also, cement paving does not facilitate the exchange of water and air between the breeding soil and the soil below the pool. Brick paving solves this problem well: on one hand, brick ground has strong water absorption and can evaporate absorbed water in vapor form, which is extremely beneficial for regulating the humidity of the breeding soil and the environment; on the other hand, it has good permeability and breathability, which facilitates the exchange of water and gases between the breeding soil and the soil below the pool, allowing geothermal heat to rise in cold seasons, increasing the temperature of the breeding soil, while in hot seasons, the cool underground absorbs heat from the breeding soil, preventing it from overheating. Using brick paving also has disadvantages: on one hand, when sealing the brick joints with cement grout, gaps may be left due to negligence, allowing centipedes to drill into the soil layer below the pool, causing harm to centipedes or making capture difficult; on the other hand, due to the strong breathability of bricks, their internal microspaces are large, and in long-term humid conditions, various microorganisms, including pathogenic microorganisms, can easily grow.
④ Construction of Centipede Resting Beds. There are two commonly used types of centipede resting beds in the pool breeding method: piled-soil type resting bed and brick-stacking type resting bed.
The simplest resting bed is directly made by piling up the breeding soil, hence called the piled-soil type resting bed. That is, lay a layer of breeding soil 10-15 cm thick on two-thirds of the bottom of the breeding pool, then place tiles on top, leaving the remaining one-third of the ground as the centipede activity area. The tiles are curved and stacked with the arch facing upwards, with sponge strips about 2 cm thick placed on both sides between layers. Tiles can also be arranged shoulder-to-shoulder, with sponge strips placed at their junctions to keep a distance of about 2 cm between overlapping places for centipedes to rest. The upper surface height of the tiles should be more than 15 cm lower than the rim of the pool wall and should not exceed the lower edge of the inner wall glass (or transparent plastic tape) to prevent centipedes from escaping using it as a ladder.
Brick-stacking type resting bed refers to the centipede resting bed formed by stacking bricks in a certain way. The spaces between bricks are retained as the residence and crawling channels for centipedes. There are three forms of brick-stacking type resting beds: fully horizontal resting bed, horizontal-vertical resting bed, and roof-shaped resting bed.
a. Fully Horizontal Resting Bed: This type of resting bed is made entirely by horizontally stacking bricks. Maintain a gap of 0.5-1.0 cm between bricks in the same layer, and stagger the brick seams between layers, usually stacking 6-7 layers. Place multiple pieces of sponge on the seam openings of the topmost layer to adjust humidity and provide drinking water for centipedes. The advantage of this type of resting bed is that it can effectively keep the surrounding small environment of centipedes clean, reducing invasion by pathogens, eliminating the need for breeding soil, making operations more convenient, and easier management. However, the disadvantages are that it consumes a large amount of bricks, is costly, and due to the poor water retention of bricks, it is difficult to maintain a stable humidity environment.
b. Horizontal-Vertical Resting Bed: This type of resting bed involves laying a layer of bricks flat on the bottom of the pool, maintaining a gap of about 1 cm between bricks, then vertically stacking another layer of bricks on this layer, keeping a gap of about 1 cm between the vertical bricks, covering the top of the vertical bricks with a layer of horizontal bricks, and placing some sponges on the horizontal bricks. Compared with the fully horizontal resting bed, the ventilation between brick seams of this type of resting bed is relatively better. However, the disadvantages are that the excessively tall gaps between vertical bricks make centipedes feel insecure and often shrink back, resulting in less feeding and slow growth and development. Additionally, if the area of the resting bed is too small, there is a risk of collapse.
c. Roof-shaped Resting Bed: The basic structure of this type of resting bed is to build a stepped shape with bricks around the periphery, filling the middle with breeding soil, or filling with adobe bricks of the same specifications as the bricks. Its construction process is as follows: first pile up the breeding soil in the center of the pool, then code a row of bricks 10 cm away from the pool wall on both sides along the long axis of the pool, with the long axis of the bricks perpendicular to the long axis of the pool. Then adjust the breeding soil so that the second layer of bricks is placed flat on the first layer of bricks and shifted halfway toward the center of the pool. Continue this process until the bricks from both sides meet in the center, forming an "eight"-shaped step. Note that the gaps between bricks, between bricks and adobe bricks, and between adobe bricks themselves should be kept at about 1 cm to provide space for centipedes to rest and move. This type of resting bed is currently one of the more commonly used models. Its advantages are good thermal insulation and moisture retention, convenient operation, comfortable living conditions for centipedes, and normal activities. The disadvantage is slightly more complicated construction. Sometimes, to save space or facilitate winter warming breeding, indoor breeders often build centipede breeding pools in a multi-layered structure. When constructing, note that the spacing between each two layers should be kept at more than 40-50 cm, and the pool surface should not be too wide, ensuring good ventilation, lighting, and preventing mold growth.
(2) Preparation of Breeding Soil. The breeding soil is both the place where centipedes live, reproduce, and the "wind shelter" where they avoid various adverse factors, thus it is very important for centipedes. Centipedes do not have high specific requirements for the soil texture of the breeding soil; sandy soil and loam can both be used, but the breeding soil must be loose and moist, with good thermal insulation and moisture retention properties. Therefore, the breeding soil should preferably be loose loam, and clay should not be used as breeding soil because it tends to become compacted and unevenly distributes moisture after spraying water, seriously affecting the movement of centipedes within it.
The commonly used breeding soil is repeatedly cultivated garden land. The preparation process is as follows: in a vegetable garden that has not been sprayed with pesticides or fertilizers for a long time, dig up the surface soil from loose, fertile sections, crush it (good-quality garden soil usually just needs to be lightly knocked with a hoe or stick to break it into granules), remove rotten leaves, stones, broken tiles, and other debris, and expose it under intense sunlight, turning it over 2-3 times for 2-3 days until it dries completely. This makes it easier to store and kills any possible eggs of natural enemies or pathogens in the soil. After drying, it can be stored for later use.
Before use, prepare the corresponding amount of water and sprayer according to the required amount and humidity, spread the soil thinly on the ground, turn it while spraying water evenly with the sprayer, then load it into the pool.
In the case of indoor breeding, once the breeding soil is adjusted to the appropriate humidity and loaded into the pool, the humidity will not change significantly. If a large adjustment of the humidity of the already loaded breeding soil is needed, you can use methods such as spreading the breeding soil thin, uniformly spraying water on the surface layer, or opening windows for ventilation.
Under normal circumstances, the breeding soil is replaced once every spring when the centipedes awaken from hibernation. During regular maintenance, if a small amount of breeding soil is lost due to cleaning feces, it can be replenished appropriately. If an epidemic, ant infestation, or mite infestation occurs, the breeding soil should be replaced promptly.
The thickness of the breeding soil laid in the pool varies depending on the season, generally being about 10 cm in spring and autumn, reduced to 5 cm in summer, and increased to 15 cm in winter.
(3) Watering Facilities: Drinking water is also one of the vital activities of centipedes. Therefore, water supply facilities must be set up in the centipede breeding farm. Common water supply facilities include shallow plastic trays or drinking water trays. The drinking water tray is best buried in the breeding soil or embedded in the ground of the activity area, level with the surface of the breeding soil or the ground plane of the activity area, making it convenient for centipedes to find and drink water. Some farms' water supply facilities involve digging a ditch along the bottom of the pool wall inside the breeding pool, smoothing the bottom and walls of the ditch with cement to prevent leaks, aligning the top of the ditch with the ground level of the centipede activity area, with the ditch width being 10-20 cm and depth 10 cm, and keeping enough clean water in the ditch at all times. Since centipedes cannot cross water, this ditch satisfies their drinking needs while preventing them from escaping.
Additionally, dense sponges soaked with clear water can be placed on the centipede activity area or on the tiles for centipedes to drink.
(4) Feeding Facilities: The bait for centipedes is often live small animals, and when feeding, they need to be cut up. These bait animals may leave some mucus, feces, and juicy soft tissues before being consumed by centipedes, contaminating the breeding soil or activity area, which is difficult to clean and prone to proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, when feeding centipedes, bait trays are often set up. Similar to drinking water trays, the bait trays for centipedes can also be shallow plastic trays, which can be buried in the breeding soil or "embedded" in the activity area, level with the surface of the breeding soil or the ground plane of the activity area. Thin wooden boards or hard, compacted cardboard can also be used as bait trays.
(5) Heating and Insulation Facilities: For breeders planning year-round production, winter heating is a necessary consideration, so heating facilities should be considered when building breeding facilities. To save space and maximize the efficiency of heat supply, it is recommended that the breeding pool be built in a multi-level structure (such as multi-layer breeding tanks on a立体 rack). This makes it easier to synchronously heat the breeding soil and the indoor air in suspended breeding pools (tanks). Heating facilities can use