What should be done for phlebitis during pregnancy and puerperium? What are the causes of thrombophlebitis in the lower extremities during pregnancy and puerperium? First of all, this is related to the special physiological changes in women's bodies during pregnancy and puerperium. During pregnancy, some coagulation factors in the body increase, their activity enhances, platelet function becomes hyperactive, while anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity decreases, putting the blood in a hypercoagulable state. In addition, the enlarged uterus compresses the pelvic vessels, affecting the return flow of venous blood in the lower extremities, leading to blood stasis. These factors together constitute a pre-thrombotic state during pregnancy. On this basis, if certain complications or comorbidities of pregnancy occur, puerperal infection, or long-term bed rest during the puerperium, these can be inducements for thrombophlebitis.
Because under pathological conditions with pregnancy complications or comorbidities, such as gestational hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, or a history of intrauterine manipulation during delivery, local vascular spasm, narrowing of the lumen, damage to the vessel wall, and ischemia-hypoxia can occur, causing vascular endothelial cells to release tissue factor that promotes blood clotting. Surgical trauma can cause reactive changes in platelets. Anaerobic bacterial infections produce heparinase that degrades heparin, making the local blood hypercoagulable. Long-term bed rest after cesarean section or normal delivery can cause slow return flow of venous blood in the lower extremities. Surgery and infection often lead to venous wall injury. Postpartum insufficient intake makes the blood relatively viscous.
All these adverse factors can cause thrombophlebitis in the lower extremities. Once thrombophlebitis occurs in the lower extremities clinically, patients may experience the following symptoms: pain, swelling, tenderness, abnormal skin color in the affected limb, and palpable tender cord-like objects at the site of embolism. Color Doppler ultrasound examination can assist in confirming the diagnosis. Treatment for thrombophlebitis in the lower extremities includes anti-infection, anticoagulation, thrombolysis, and supportive therapy. The key to reducing the harm of thrombophlebitis to pregnant and postpartum women lies in prevention, and multiple preventive measures include:
1. Regular prenatal check-ups during pregnancy, early diagnosis and treatment of disease inducers, and reducing the occurrence of pregnancy complications or comorbidities.
2. For those with high-risk factors for thrombosis during pregnancy or puerperium, accept treatments such as aspirin, Persantin, low molecular weight dextran under the guidance of a doctor to improve the hypercoagulable state of the blood and promote normal blood flow.
3. Those with a history of surgery should use antibiotics to prevent infection.
4. Encourage early activity of mothers after childbirth and surgery to reduce the occurrence of thrombophlebitis in the lower extremities.
The above is a detailed introduction by experts on what to do for phlebitis during pregnancy and puerperium, hoping it can help you. If you have more questions, you can consult online with experts from Shanxi Yikang Peripheral Vascular Hospital. Finally, I wish you good health.
For more details, please visit the Varicose Veins Special Section of Shanxi Yikang Peripheral Vascular Hospital: http://www.sxykmgy.com/jingmaiyan/ or consult experts for free. Experts will provide detailed answers based on the patient's specific situation.
If you reprint this article, please note that it originates from Shanxi Yikang Peripheral Vascular Hospital: http://www.sxykmgy.com/jmyyf/3585.html
Varicose Veins: http://www.sxykmgy.com/jingmaiyan/
Causes of Varicose Veins: http://www.sxykmgy.com/jmyby/
Symptoms of Varicose Veins: http://www.sxykmgy.com/jmyzz/
Prevention and Nursing of Varicose Veins: http://www.sxykmgy.com/jmyyf/
Treatment of Varicose Veins: http://www.sxykmgy.com/jmyzl/
Case Studies of Varicose Veins Treatment: http://www.sxykmgy.com/jmybl/
Hot Issues Regarding Varicose Veins: http://www.sxykmgy.com/jmywt/