What are the diagnostic methods for thrombophlebitis? Thrombophlebitis, also known as phlebitis, refers to inflammation of the veins. Depending on the location of the lesion, phlebitis can be divided into superficial phlebitis and deep vein phlebitis. The pathological changes include intimal hyperplasia, narrowing of the lumen, and slow blood flow. The surrounding skin may show congestive erythema and sometimes accompanied by edema. So, what are the diagnostic methods for thrombophlebitis? For this question, let's have the experts from Shanxi Yikang Peripheral Vascular Hospital give us a detailed introduction.
The diagnosis of phlebitis is generally not difficult, and the diagnostic methods for thrombophlebitis include the following:
1. Venous pressure measurement: Elevated venous pressure in the affected limb suggests obstruction in the proximal veins.
2. Ultrasound: Two-dimensional ultrasound imaging can directly visualize the thrombus in large veins. Doppler can measure the speed of blood flow within the veins and observe the normal reaction to breathing and compression. This test has a positive diagnostic rate of 95% for proximal deep vein thrombosis; while its sensitivity for distal veins is only 50%-70%, but its specificity can reach 95%.
3. Radionuclide examination: 125I fibrinogen scanning is occasionally used for pediatric diagnosis of this disease. In contrast to ultrasound, this test has a detection rate of up to 90% for deep vein thrombosis in the calf muscles, but its specificity for proximal deep vein thrombosis is relatively poor. The main disadvantage of this test is that it takes 48-72 hours after injecting the radioactive nuclide for results to appear.
4. Impedance plethysmography (IPG) and venous flow plethysmography (PRG): The former uses skin electrodes, while the latter uses an inflatable cuff to measure changes in venous volume under physiological conditions. When there is venous obstruction, the amplitude of the volume wave caused by breathing and cuff inflation and deflation is small. This test has a positive diagnostic rate of 90% for proximal deep vein thrombosis. However, its sensitivity for distal veins is significantly reduced.
5. Deep vein angiography: A contrast agent is injected into the superficial veins of the foot, and a tourniquet is applied at the proximal end to easily allow the contrast agent to enter the deep venous system. If there is a filling defect in the veins, a qualitative and positional diagnosis can be made.
The above is a detailed introduction by experts on the diagnostic methods for thrombophlebitis, hoping it will help you. If you have more questions, you can consult online with the experts from Shanxi Yikang Peripheral Vascular Hospital. Finally, I wish you good health.
For more details, please visit the Shanxi Yikang Peripheral Vascular Hospital Varicose Veins Special Topic: http://www.sxykmgy.com/jingmaiyan/ or consult the experts for free. Experts will provide detailed answers based on the patient's specific situation.
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