Dental implants, also known as artificial dental implants, do not actually involve planting natural teeth. Instead, dental implants entail using medical methods to design and fabricate highly biocompatible titanium metal into shapes resembling tooth roots, such as cylinders or other forms. These are then implanted into the alveolar bone of the missing tooth area through minor surgical procedures. After 1 to 3 months, when the artificial tooth root has successfully integrated with the alveolar bone, a porcelain crown is created on the artificial tooth root. Due to its minimal invasiveness, dental implants have been recognized by the field of oral medicine as the preferred method for restoring missing teeth. Since the artificial tooth is firmly planted within the jawbone, it can withstand normal chewing forces, and in terms of function and appearance, it is almost identical to natural teeth. Therefore, it has been referred to as humanity's third set of teeth.
The intra-bone implant of dental implants consists of three basic structures:
1. Implant post: The part of the implant post exposed in the oral cavity is used as a retainer for making artificial crowns or dentures.
2. Implant body: The part of the implant body buried in the alveolar bone is the critical component determining the success of the artificial dental implant. It has a specific shape (such as spiral, leaf-like, or cylindrical), with multiple contact surfaces with tissues. Its surface has pores or rough areas, allowing for good contact with the bone.
3. Implant neck: The implant neck is located between the implant body and the implant post. Depending on the type of implant, the shape and structure of the neck vary. However, this part is the primary location where complications after implantation occur, directly affecting the integrity of the epithelial collar and playing a role in preventing local infections after implantation.
It is important to note that dental implant surgery requires high standards for both the doctor's skills and the hospital's equipment. Additionally, not everyone is eligible for dental implants. Patients should inquire thoroughly before seeking treatment and choose reputable hospitals for proper care.