I. Pain
Due to the rich sensory nerve endings in the anal area, surgical damage and postoperative local muscle spasms are important causes of pain after anal surgery. Mild pain does not require treatment and can naturally subside 24 hours after the operation. For more severe pain, oral analgesics can be taken. Report to the doctor if necessary.
II. Bleeding
Because of the abundant blood vessels in the anal area and the fact that anal surgery wounds are mostly open, postoperative activities and friction during defecation can easily lead to wound bleeding. When bleeding occurs, immediate bed rest is required. Minor bleeding can be controlled with oral hemostatic drugs such as Yunnan Baiyao, Duanxueliu, and Anluoxue. In cases of heavy bleeding, report to the doctor immediately.
III. Urinary Retention
Due to surgical anesthesia, traction during the operation, pain stimulation, local pressure, and pre-existing conditions like prostate enlargement or urinary tract infections, the incidence of urinary retention after anal surgery is relatively high. When experiencing difficulty urinating post-surgery, a warm wet towel can be used for heat application on the lower abdomen or abdominal massage can be performed. The sound of running water can also help induce urination. If still unable to urinate, report to medical staff for assistance.
IV. Constipation
Due to changes in living environment and dietary structure post-surgery, local pain, fear of defecation, and pre-existing constipation habits in some patients, many experience constipation after anal surgery. Oral laxatives should be taken promptly after surgery to prevent constipation. When experiencing difficulty defecating, first use our hospital's self-made Chinese herbal fumigation to relieve sphincter muscle spasm, then inject 20-40ml of glycerin suppository into the anus, lie down for 10-15 minutes before defecation. If still unable to defecate, seek help from medical staff.
V. Edema
Due to surgical damage, local sphincter muscle spasm, and prolonged straining during defecation, the incidence of local edema after anal surgery, especially circumferential mixed hemorrhoid surgery, is relatively high. Edema not only causes discomforts like heaviness, pain, and difficulty in defecation but also affects wound healing. It is essential to maintain smooth bowel movements and avoid prolonged straining. Before and after defecation, use our hospital's self-made Chinese herbal fumigation agent to wash the anus for 20-30 minutes each time. As the wound gradually heals, the edema usually subsides on its own.
VI. Fever
Due to surgical stimulation and absorption of local hematoma, some patients may experience low-grade fever after surgery. Fevers below 38.5 degrees Celsius generally do not require treatment. Higher fevers are often associated with infection and should be reported to medical staff promptly for treatment. Patients can assist in cooling by using a cold wet towel on the head or alcohol rubs on the neck, armpits, and head.
VII. Delayed Wound Healing
Due to poor nutritional status, large local wounds, persistent hard stools, diabetes, tuberculosis and other chronic wasting diseases, and local infections, some patients experience delayed wound healing. Patients should pay attention to maintaining anal cleanliness, keeping bowel movements smooth, and strengthening nutrition. Chronic wasting diseases such as diabetes and tuberculosis should be treated actively.