Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. The etiological factors for the development of colorectal cancer include diet, adenoma carcinogenesis, inflammatory bowel disease, etc. Experts from Zhengzhou Anus and Intestine Hospital remind us: Colorectal cancer has a high degree of malignancy, and people should be aware of the etiological factors in daily life, try to avoid these factors as much as possible, and do a good job in preventive health care.
Diet: Experts believe that high fat, high protein, and low fiber diets are related to the occurrence of colorectal cancer. The possible reason is that high-fat and high-protein foods can increase the amount of methylcholanthrene substances in feces, which can lead to an increase in bile acid secretion. These substances are decomposed by anaerobic bacteria in the intestine into unsaturated polycyclic hydrocarbons. Both of these substances are carcinogenic; a reduction in fiber content also slows down the passage of feces through the intestine, increasing the contact time between these carcinogens and the intestinal mucosa, thus increasing the chances of cancerous changes.
Adenoma Carcinogenesis: Adenomatous polyps can become cancerous and are considered one of the causes of colorectal cancer. There are three types of adenomas: tubular adenomas, villous adenomas, and mixed adenomas. Tubular adenomas have a higher incidence rate, while villous adenomas have a higher rate of canceration. Familial adenomatous polyposis, which has a genetic component, is regarded as a precancerous lesion.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Due to the destruction of the intestinal mucosa, ulcer repair proliferation, and granulation tissue formation in diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, cancerous changes can occur. Schistosomiasis eggs depositing in the rectal mucosa, chronic inflammation stimulation can lead to the occurrence of rectal cancer.
Other: Immunodeficiency, genetic factors, viral infections, post-gastrectomy and cholecystectomy effects, etc., also play a certain role in the occurrence of colorectal cancer.