What are the detailed symptoms of anal fistulas? Experts in anorectal treatment in Zhengzhou say that anal fistulas are caused by perianal abscesses around the anus and rectum. After the abscess ruptures and pus drains, it gradually forms a fibrotic fistula tube, which is known as an anal fistula. The causes of anal fistulas are specifically manifested in the following aspects:
1. Bacterial Infection: Experts in anorectal treatment in Zhengzhou explain that since the anal canal and rectum area are the main channels for "waste discharge," bacteria can easily invade the anal crypts, anal gland ducts, and anal glands, causing infection and disease, which gradually forms an abscess that ruptures to become an anal fistula.
2. Perianal Abscess: Perianal abscesses are one of the main factors leading to anal fistulas. Stagnant feces in the anal crypts can cause anal gland inflammation, leading to perianal abscesses. Patients often do not pay attention to this condition. After the perianal abscess ruptures and pus drains out, the pus cavity gradually decreases, and both the internal rupture site and incision also decrease. The cavity wall forms a tough duct wall due to connective tissue proliferation, thus forming a fistula, which leads to the formation of an anal fistula.
3. Tuberculosis Bacilli, Actinomyces: Infections that form abscesses, such as Crohn's disease, are difficult to heal on their own and form special types of anal fistulas.
4. Rectal and Anal Injury, Trauma: Bone-like foreign objects, metals, anorectal thermometers, and anoscope examinations from the digestive tract can damage the anal canal and rectum. Bacteria entering the wound can cause perianal abscesses, and failure to treat them in time can lead to anal fistulas.
Experts in anorectal treatment in Zhengzhou state that anal fistulas are common anorectal diseases with a high incidence rate. Treating anal fistulas hinges on finding the internal opening. If the internal opening is missed, the anal fistula will not be completely cured. Currently, there are many techniques for treating anal fistulas. The principle of handling the internal opening of an anal fistula is that the success or failure of treatment depends on whether the internal opening is correctly identified and properly handled. The concept of the internal opening should refer to the infected anal crypts, anal gland ducts, and anal glands. During medical treatment, merely emphasizing the incision of the anal crypt does not equate to having cleared all the infected anal gland ducts and measured glands below it. After incising the anal crypt, the anal duct and anal gland should be removed simultaneously. This is the main key to successfully curing the disease. The basic method of anal fistula surgery includes fistulotomy and excision. Like any fistula in the body, the anal fistula must maintain proper drainage or have the fistula removed to achieve recovery.