Vitiligo is a common type of pigmentary disorder skin disease. Clinically, vitiligo manifests as patches of uneven pigmentation that gradually develop into white spots, then progressively diffuse and spread. The causes of vitiligo are numerous and quite complex, generally considered to be the result of a combination of factors.
Secretory Metabolic Factors: There is a close relationship between endocrine function and vitiligo. Whether due to mental stress, improper use of sex hormones, or endocrine disorders caused by other diseases, these can very likely lead to vitiligo.
Copper and Zinc Trace Element Deficiency Factors: Among the causes and pathogenic mechanisms of vitiligo, there is also the deficiency of trace elements in the human body. These elements play an important role in melanin metabolism. Copper and zinc ions are particularly significant. A lack of copper results in the loss of catalytic action of tyrosinase during melanin production. Deficiencies in copper and zinc elements can cause hair color to turn white; thus, it is necessary for patients to appropriately supplement copper and zinc during the early stages of the disease.
Genetic Factors: It is certain that genetic factors are one of the causes of vitiligo, but not every patient is affected in the same way.