Necrosis of the femoral head is mainly due to the obstruction and destruction of blood supply in the femoral head, leading to ischemia of the bone in the head. Therefore, it is often referred to as ischemic necrosis of the femoral head or aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. This disease was not recognized by medical professionals until the beginning of this century.
With the advancement of other scientific technologies, people have gradually transitioned from macroscopic and sensory understanding and research on the causative mechanisms and diagnosis/treatment of this disease, to exploring biochemical and other microscopic pathological changes. Treatment has also evolved from initial simple treatments with single drugs or surgeries, to multiple systematic treatments including artificial joint replacement.
Modern medicine believes that the treatment method for femoral head necrosis is surgical treatment. Experts both domestically and internationally advocate palliative surgery for early-stage necrosis, such as core decompression, vascularized bone grafting, vascular implantation, and bone scaffolding. In advanced stages, unavoidable procedures like artificial joint replacement are performed. However, overall, surgical therapy is not accepted by many patients due to its high pain levels, high costs, long recovery periods, broad limitations, and less than perfect long-term effects.