What is Melasma
Also known as butterfly spots or liver spots, they appear in a light brown color, in patches of varying sizes with clear boundaries and irregular shapes. They do not protrude from the skin and are commonly found on the face, particularly symmetrical on both cheeks. The main causes are related to endocrine issues and hormonal imbalances in women.
Five Major Causes of Pigmentation:
1. External factors: UV exposure, use of poor-quality cosmetics, external abrasions;
2. Internal factors: Endocrine disorders:
A. Tyrosinase activity triggered by pregnancy leading to melanin deposition;
B. Acid-base imbalance with an acidic constitution can slow down metabolism, causing pigmentation;
C. Malnutrition, vitamin deficiency, slowed metabolism leading to spots.
3. High stress levels, excessive fatigue, neurological dysfunction, reduced adrenal lipid function can lead to tyrosinase activity, resulting in pigmentation.
4. Photochemical reactions:
A. Antibiotics and contraceptives easily absorb UV rays;
B. Foods: Shellfish, seaweed;
C. Plants: Citrus family, mulberry family easily absorb UV rays.
5. Diseases:
A. Liver and kidney dysfunction, poor hematopoietic function, insufficient qi and blood, slowed blood circulation, and poor metabolism;
B. Diabetes can reduce overall cell function and slow down metabolism;
C. Excessive thyroid secretion, hyperthyroidism can activate tyrosinase, increasing pigmentation;
D. Skin diseases or acne causing pigmentation;
E. Aging can lower metabolic function.