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The most important factor in creating an effective sound field in a car audio system is the position and orientation of the speakers! First, it's important to note that since the directionality of sound primarily depends on the high-frequency portion, the installation of tweeters becomes crucial. The ideal position for tweeters would be on both sides above the dashboard. When installed here, the tweeters can effectively raise the sound field and easily form it in front of the listener. However, this kind of installation can be quite challenging. Issues such as finding a suitable installation position above the dashboard and how to secure the speakers require better installation techniques. Additionally, when the tweeters are installed on the dashboard, they will inevitably be placed at a considerable distance from the midrange speakers, which is not conducive to the accuracy of the sound field. Therefore, it's important to arrange them reasonably so that the distance between the tweeters and midrange speakers does not exceed 30 centimeters. Moreover, the directions of the tweeters and midrange speakers should point towards the listener's position as much as possible, presenting the sound field in front of the listener! Usually, when modifying a car audio system, additional speakers are installed on the rear doors or rear panel to allow rear-seat listeners to enjoy the music. However, if these rear speakers are improperly adjusted, the front-row listeners may feel as though the sound is coming from behind their heads. There are two methods to prevent this situation. The first one is the simplest: just slightly reduce the gain of the rear field speakers, although this will result in reduced sound pressure in the rear seats. The second method is a bit more complex and requires setting the rear field speakers to band-pass (a combination of low-pass and high-pass filters; the Alpine MRV-F540 has this function). For example, set the high-pass filter to 80Hz and the low-pass filter to 3kHz. This way, only sounds between 80Hz and 3kHz will come from the rear field, ensuring no low-frequency distortion while avoiding high-frequency sounds pulling the sound field to the back, and at the same time, the rear-seat listeners will feel that the volume is sufficient.
Finally, the full vehicle's low-frequency section must be considered. Subwoofers are typically installed in the car's trunk. Although theoretically, sub-bass has no directionality, if there is too much overlap between the frequency range of the subwoofer and the rear field speakers, it can make people feel that the bass part of the rear field speakers is part of the subwoofer's bass, locking the entire sub-bass sound field at the rear. Therefore, remember not to set the high-pass frequency of the rear field speakers too low. When the frequency connection between the front field speakers and the subwoofer is appropriate, the fundamental frequency of drum beats in the music is emitted by the subwoofer, while the higher harmonic parts of the drum beats (which still belong to the low-frequency range) are emitted by the front field speakers. In this way, it will sound as if the drum sounds are coming from the front field!
There is no single correct installation method that applies universally. Because different car models, equipment performance, and even different listening habits of individuals exist, an excellent sound field environment needs to be tested based on theory. Your own ears and feelings are the standards for judgment. Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth, and this applies to the process of installing car audio systems as well.
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