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Technical Documents >> Technical Documents
Principle and Function of Hydrodynamic Torque Converter Transmission for Suction Trucks
Publication Date: November 15, 2011, 9:41:20 AM; Views: 86
The principle and function of the hydrodynamic torque converter transmission replace the traditional mechanical clutch, installed between the engine and the automatic transmission, which can smoothly transmit the power of the suction truck engine to the automatic transmission. It is precisely because of the hydrodynamic torque converter that the automatic transmission can automatically complete all actions related to gear shifting compared to the manual transmission, freeing the driver so that they only need to focus on acceleration, deceleration, and turning - the "three elements of travel," making driving truly simple. Compared to a manual transmission, the hydrodynamic torque converter plays a role as important as the clutch.
The working method of the hydrodynamic torque converter is entirely different from that of the clutch. Inside the hydrodynamic torque converter, one side is the engine power output shaft, directly connected to the pump wheel housing. On the other side of the torque converter, there is a turbine group, connected to the transmission system via an axle. There are no direct connection mechanisms between the guide wheel and the turbine; both are sealed inside the housing of the torque converter, filled with viscous fluid - automatic transmission fluid for cars. When the engine runs at low speed, the entire torque converter will also run at low speed, and the blades on the pump wheel will drive the automatic transmission fluid within the torque converter, causing it to circulate. However, due to the low speed, the force exerted by the automatic transmission fluid of the suction truck on the turbine is insufficient to propel the vehicle forward, keeping the vehicle stationary, achieving the effect of clutch disengagement.
When stepping on the gas pedal, the engine speed increases, the rotational speed of the pump wheel will also increase accordingly, the flow rate of the automatic transmission fluid inside the torque converter continues to rise, and the force applied to the turbine also continues to increase. When this force exceeds the resistance required to operate the guide wheel, the guide wheel begins to rotate, transmitting power to the transmission system and wheels, propelling the vehicle forward and ultimately achieving the purpose of power transmission.
The transmission of the suction truck is one of the most critical components. Due to the high operating temperature inside the transmission and the precise meshing of various parts, the quality and cleanliness of the transmission fluid inside the transmission have very high requirements. The transmission fluid must be thoroughly cleaned every 40,000~50,000 km the suction truck has traveled.
For maintaining the transmission of the suction truck, properly replacing the transmission fluid inside the transmission is key. The transmission fluid inside the suction truck's transmission not only lubricates and cools but also primarily transmits torque, with its working temperature around 140℃. Most failures of the suction truck transmission are caused by overheating and the long-term non-replacement of the transmission fluid inside the transmission, eventually leading to impurities.
What are the consequences if the transmission fluid inside the suction truck's transmission gets dirty? First, the sludge and carbon deposits in the dirty oil increase wear on each friction plate and component, reducing the lifespan of each component. Second, the sludge and carbon deposits in the dirty oil cause poor oil flow in the valve body oil pipes, affecting power transmission, thus making the transmission shift slowly or fail, severely leading to no oil pressure in a certain gear causing it to burn out. Finally, dirty oil accelerates the aging of sealing O-rings in each cylinder, affecting the oil pressure in each cylinder, also causing slow acceleration, failure, and even slipping and burning of each friction plate.
Replacing the transmission fluid of the suction truck is different from changing lubricating oil. Traditional maintenance methods can replace up to about half of the oil, but cannot completely replace it. Nearly half of the dirty oil still remains in the system, and residual oil, sludge, and impurities gather in the valve body, hydraulic torque converter, and cooling lines. If not cleaned properly, it can lead to internal oil line blockages.
Proper maintenance of the suction truck's transmission requires the use of specialized transmission maintenance equipment for suction trucks to completely remove old transmission fluid and other impurities, then inject new oil. If you can adhere to replacing the transmission fluid every 40,000~50,000 kilometers...
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