Peru Inca Ruins - Machu Picchu - Peru. In the early 20th century, there was a legend of a mysterious ancient city in the towering mountains of the Peruvian Andes. During the Spanish colonial rule for 300 years, it remained completely unknown, and during the 100 years after Peru's independence, no one ventured there. For over 400 years, only the soaring mountain eagles had witnessed the grandeur of this ancient city —— it is today's Machu Picchu Inca ruins.