Why were the peasant uprising armies able to rise to prominence? To figure out this question, we must first understand who made up these peasant uprising armies. Throughout the thousands of years of ancient Chinese history, innumerable peasant uprisings have occurred: from the Dazexiang Uprising led by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang at the end of the Qin Dynasty, to the Yellow Turban Rebellion led by the Zhang Jiao brothers during the Eastern Han Dynasty; from the Wagang Fort Uprising at the end of the Sui Dynasty, to the Huang Chao-led peasant rebellion during the Tang Dynasty; from the Li Zicheng-led peasant rebellion at the end of the Ming Dynasty, to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom established by Hong Xiuquan in the mid-Qing Dynasty. It is clear that throughout every dynasty there were surging movements of peasant uprisings and countless peasant uprising armies. So then, who exactly were the supreme leaders guiding these peasant uprising armies?