The ancestors of the Chinese nation, in their labor during the Stone Age, selected the most beautiful stones as jade and used them to make jade artifacts. The earliest jade shards were unearthed from the Xianrendong Paleolithic site in Haicheng, Liaoning, dating back approximately 12,000 years. Jade artifacts excavated from two sites of the Xinglongwa Culture in Inner Mongolia and the Zhahai Culture in Liaoning are about 8,000 years old. Jade artifacts unearthed from the Hemudu Culture date back approximately 7,000 years. Around 5,000 years ago, the Northern Hongshan Culture and the Southern Liangzhu Culture have yielded an unprecedented number of jade artifacts, marking the first peak era of jade culture in China. The jade materials used in these artifacts from the aforementioned sites were relatively diverse, with jade mineral components including tremolite, actinolite, serpentine, carnelian, crystal, turquoise, among others.