To remove the tick, use sharp tweezers or pliers to hold the tick as close to the surface of the skin as possible. Then use smooth, even force to pull the tick straight out of the skin . When the tick is removed in this way, it should be able to pull out the mouth part (mouth) in which the tick has penetrated the skin. Commercial tick removal tools vary widely in their effectiveness in removing blacklegged ixodes nymphs: some are effective every time you use them, some fail every time, and others fall somewhere in between. — Sometimes it works, sometimes it doesn't. In a recent study, for blacklegged ixodes nymphs that had been attached to the skin for 48 hours, the tools successfully removed in 68 trials included four types of pliers: “ Tick Toolbox Inc.; original tick kit by tick kit, inc., pick-tick tools by encepur chiron, Inc., scs, Inc. ltd. 's pro-tick remedy tool and josyln designs, inc. “ Sniper tweezers ” (nick nipper).
The mouthparts of tick larvae and nymphs rarely remain in the skin of the host. With proper removal, larvae and nymphs can usually be pulled out intact. It is more difficult to remove the adult tick intact because the adult tick's mouth parts are longer. If a tick's mouthparts suddenly break off and remain in the skin, it will not change the risk of getting Lyme disease (an infectious disease caused by tick bites such as measles and fever). If so, spirochaetes (left in the skin) in tick mouthparts or tick cement plugs (which ixodes of most species form in order to attach themselves to the skin of the host), and therefore “ Feeding ” Lesions, all mean that the tick has been removed too late and that spirochete transmission has occurred. Do not use other methods to remove ticks (for example, suffocating the tick with petroleum jelly, using the heat of a lit match to push the tick out of its own skin, or using gasoline or other chemicals to try to push the tick out on its own); These methods are simply not effective and may also increase the risk of pathogen transmission.
• Disinfect tick bite areas with alcohol or other skin disinfectants; Tick-specific antibiotics may also be needed.
• Keep the tick that bites you for reference, and in some cases, the tick can be examined (if available). Live ticks can be placed in a non-breakable container, and to keep the tick alive, a few blades of grass can be placed in the container (using a resealable plastic bag will also work). Small plastic bottles are the best containers. Dead ticks should be tested by dna testing and kept dry in a non-breakable container. For long-term storage, ticks should be placed in alcohol with a concentration of 70 to 80 percent (sanitized alcohol is also acceptable). Avoid placing ticks in containers covered with black film or securing ticks to paper with clear glue; If you need to identify or test the tick that bit you, you should also attach a note or card to the container. Ticks with clear adhesive will be difficult to handle. If the tick was extracted by a health care professional, ask the doctor to keep the tick for future reference or testing.
• Make a note of where and when the tick bit you.
• Watch continuously for signs and symptoms of Lyme disease or other tick-related diseases for a month, or consider preventive treatment if the tick is already full of blood when it is removed or if the infection rate is high. Also watch for signs of secondary infection.
Localized tick bites develop rapidly and sometimes resemble a small Lyme disease rash, although these transient adverse reactions usually resolve within 24 to 48 hours and do not expand into symptoms similar to a typical erythema migrata rash. Tick mouthparts left in the skin may cause irritation in human tissues as the body tries to absorb or reject exotic tick tissue (similar to small spines that are difficult to remove), which carries a slight risk of secondary bacterial infection. Heterogeneous body granulation tumors may persist for several weeks, especially if the tick's mouth parts remain in the skin. If there are signs of infection, a physician should be consulted immediately.
"The use of prophylactic antibiotics after tick bites is generally not recommended by most U.S. medical institutions because the incidence of Lyme disease from bites by known blacklegged ixodes seems to be low (less than 5% overall; In one study, the chance of getting Lyme disease from being bitten by a flat, non-blood-sucking tick was zero, and the chance of being bitten by a blood-sucking tick was 10 percent). Only 14 to 32 percent of those diagnosed with Lyme disease remember being bitten by a well-fed tick.
Factors that interfere with preventive treatment include:
• Tick bites are very common in places.
• Local infection rates from tick nymphs may be low (less than 20%), but the risk of infection from a tick bite detected on the skin is even lower (less than 5%) because most people with Lyme disease do not notice the tick.
• The status of the infection and the extent to which the tick sucks blood, and therefore the risk of infection, are often unknown. If there is no blood-sucking (flat) tick, the attachment time is less than 24 to 36 hours, routine inspection is not necessary.
• A not uncommon occurrence is when a tick is submitted for identification and examination, and it turns out that the bite was not a tick (e.g., a scar, beetle, spider, etc.); Or not the one that causes Lyme disease. Tick 16px"> (It is important to better train physicians or health care professionals to recognize the main tick species).
• There is a risk of adverse reactions to antibiotics.
• Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (hga)
Factors that favor prophylactic treatment include:
• In adults within 72 hours of a tick bite and in children over 8 years of age, a single dose of 200 mg of doxycycline (4 mg per kg of body weight until the 200 mg dose is reached) can prevent Lyme disease. This dose is less likely to contaminate children's teeth or cause adverse reactions.
• For a blacklegged ixodes that is partially or completely full of blood, the risk of infection can be very high. This may be comparable to the prevalence of infectious diseases among ticks, which may exceed 30% for tick nymphs and 60% for adult ticks (although it is usually lower).
• When patients report tick attachment times, they often underestimate the actual attachment times.
• If a tick is infected (as determined by proficient laboratory tests) and the tick is full of blood, then the possibility of infection by Lyme spirochete is very high and very serious treatment may need to be considered. However, the results of the tick test may not be available in time, but preventive treatment or symptoms of Lyme disease may already be apparent.